WHO PAYS THE DUTY? 75 



can control the market price, then we can dictate the price of barley in the United 

 States, and compel the consumer to pay the duty. We think that our farmers 

 lose the duty on barley, or at least the greater part of it. The American people 

 north of the Ohio consume not less than 8,000,000,000 feet of pine lumber per 

 annum, of which we gave them not to exceed 700,000,000 in any year, or about 

 one-eleventh. The city of Chicago alone annually receives more lumber than 

 we export to all countries. We supply a large proportion of the peas consumed 

 in the United States, and we think that the consumer of them pays the duty, but 

 *his is the only natural product, whether from the farm, forest, mine, or sea, which 

 we export to the United States in such quantities as will enable tts to compel the 

 consumer to pay the duty. 



Here the Canadian newspaper fully coincides in its statements 

 with the statements of the four collectors. That print would not 

 have dared to express such views among a people aware of the true 

 state of the facts had the views been false. Its position, however, 

 is fortified by a broad general principle, to wit: &quot;The man who 

 must go to market is always compelled to pay the cost of getting there, 

 let it take what form it may, whether of freight, insurance, or 

 charges at the custom house.&quot; 



We will add the testimony of W. Martin Jones, United 

 States Consul at Clifton, who wrote to the Treasury Department 

 at Washington, under the date of Dec. 28, 1866, as follows: 



The amount of exports, with the exception of lumber, from the Provinces to 

 the United States, can have little effect upon the markets in the latter country, and 

 the result is that THE DUTY PALD ON SUCEI EXPORTS IS BORNE 

 WHOLLY BY THE PRODUCERS, who, in receiving the benefits of the 

 markets of the country, are thereby compelled to bear a portion of the burden con 

 tributing to the support of its institutions. 



In this way the people of the Dominion annually contribute out 

 of their own pockets from eight to ten millions of dollars toward 

 defraying our national expenses. The Chicago Times talks as if 

 this payment of part of our taxes by the Canadians were a great 

 outrage and oppression upon American citizens, who should be 

 allowed themselves to shoulder the burden of taxation. 



