75 



Subdivision is necessary for more easy systematic procedure. Fire- 

 lanes, or cleared strips for protection against fire, must be kept clean. 



The next direction in which engineering knowledge is required is in 

 the locating and laying out and constructing of roads and other permanent 

 means of transportation, for to be accessible in all its parts is finally of 

 greatest importance in managing a property for permanency. In our un- 

 developed conditions, especially in the absence of local markets, we may 

 still be satisfied with a minimum of permanent road system, substituting 

 temporary roads and means of transportation, and leaving to future gener- 

 ations their further development ; but the plans should be made for per- 

 manency from the start, even if their execution is delayed. Cheap but ef- 

 ficient road building and railroad building, I am afraid, is a matter with 

 which even few engineers are well acquainted ; it is a subject in which the 



By permission, Society of Western Engineers. 



forester is intensely interested. Building of bridges in a cheap and effect- 

 ive way is part of the forest engineer's work. These means of transporta- 

 tion are, of course, needed to remove the harvest, and to handle this bulky 

 material cheaply requires no mean engineering skill. 



The first task of the forester, then, in beginning the management of a 

 forest property is to provide cheap and efficient means of transportation for 

 the removal of a bulky crop, of which much is inferior, and if possible to so 

 arrange this harvest that it may be made gradually and continually, log- 

 ging over the same area for a number of years. 



Here, in the harvest, logger and forester have similar, yet not identical 

 interests, for the logger lacks the requirement of logging over the same 

 area gradually and continually, of having to remove cordwood, weeds and 



