8 CONTENTS 



PAGE 



CHAPTER IV. SEED SOWING AND TRANSPLANTING .... 63 



Seed Sowing. Conditions favoring germination. Depth 

 to plant. Time for sowing. Sowing in stiff clay soils. Sow- 

 ing seed with machine. Sowing seed by hand. Shading. 

 Using the feet for firming the soil around seeds. Thinning. 

 Protecting seeds against insects and birds. 



Transplanting. Effects and value of transplanting. Con- 

 ditions of success. Shortening the tops of plants. Digging 

 Clants. Firming the soil about the roots of plants. Harden- 

 ig off. Substitutes for flower pots. Machine transplant- 

 ing. 



CHAPTER V. SEEDS AND SEED GROWING DEVELOPMENT OF 

 VARIETIES - . 80 



Seeds and Seed Growing. Good pedigrees in seeds. Test- 

 ing seeds. Simple germinating apparatus. Curing and stor- 

 ing seeds. Changing seed. Stock seed. Seedsmen's special- 

 ties. Seedsmen's humbugs. Novelties. 



Development of Varieties. Rules for improving plants; 

 laws of heredity. Cross-and self-pollination of plants. Mix- 

 ing of varieties. Distance between varieties to prevent 

 mixing. 



CHAPTER VI. GLASS STRUCTURES 92 



Hotbeds and Cold Frames. Cold frames. Hotbeds. Pre- 

 paration for early spring use. Hotbed manure. Fire hot- 

 beds. A greenhouse hotbed. Sashes. 



Greenhouses. Advantages. Types. Materials. Cheap 

 kinds of. Methods of heating. Shutters. Mats. Ventila- 

 tion and temperature. Watering. Soil. Boxes. Substi- 

 tutes for glass. Shading the glass. Fifteen things to remem- 

 ber in connection with building glass structures. 



CHAPTER VII. INSECTS INJURIOUS TO VEGETABLES . . . 119 



Insecticides and other Insect Destroyers. Pyrethrum. 

 Paris green. Tobacco. Arsenate of lead. Hellebore. 

 "Sticker." Kerosene emulsion. Carbon bisulphide. Catch- 

 ing insects by light at night. Application of insecticides. 



Common Garden Insects and Methods of Destroying Them. 

 Colorado potato beetle. Imported and native cabbage 

 worms. Cabbage plusia. Wire worms or drill worms. Cut- 

 worms. Striped cucumber beetle. White grub or May 

 beetle. Maggots. Cabbage flea beetle. Leaf lice or aphis. 

 Cabbage lice or aphis. Sweet-corn moth or tassel worm. 

 Parsley worm or celery caterpillar. Chinch bugs. Bean and 

 pea weevil. Squash vine borer. Squash bug. 



