BACILLUS PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS GROUP 241 



disease progresses slowly, and is frequently not recognized until 

 the animal is slaughtered. The lymphatic glands are most fre- 

 quently affected. These glands enlarge, caseate, and are often 

 encapsulated. In more advanced cases the internal organs are 

 also infected, nodules appearing in the lungs, spleen, and liver, 

 and sometimes in the kidneys. The lesions are not commonly 

 found in young animals, probably because the disease has not 

 had time to develop sufficiently to cause the enlarged glands to 

 be noted in inspection. 



Immunity. The organism does not produce a toxin. Ag- 

 glutinin, bacteriolysin, and opsonin production, as well as methods 

 of immunization, have not been investigated. 



Bacteriologic Diagnosis. Mounts from pus or the caseated con- 

 tents of the nodules, stained by Gram's method, should show the 

 characteristic bacillus. The use of the acid-fast staining method 

 will differentiate from B. tuberculosis. Isolation upon agar slants 

 may sometimes be necessary to complete the identification. 



Transmission. The normal infection atrium in the sheep is 

 not certainly known. Probably the organism may gain entrance 

 through skin abrasions, and possibly by inhalation and ingestion. 



Bacillus lymphangitidis ulcerosa 



Synonym. Bacillus of pseudofarcy. 



Disease Produced. Ulcerative lymphangitis, pseudofarcy, or 

 pseudoglanders in equines. 



Nocard, in 1892, described an organism which he believed 

 to be the etiologic factor in an outbreak of pseudofarcy in horses. 

 Later (1897) he concluded that his organism was identical with the 

 Bacillus pseudotuberculosis just described. Sufficient differences 

 in the organism have been pointed out to justify the retention of a 

 separate name for this organism until further investigations 

 have been made. The probabilities are much in favor of the iden- 

 tity of the two forms, and the name B. pseudotuberculosis might 

 then be used to include both. 



Morphology and Staining. This organism resembles the pre- 

 ceding morphologically. It is gram-positive. 



Isolation and Culture. The organism may be obtained in pure 

 culture directly from infected lymph-glands. Upon agar discrete, 



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