BUILDINGS &c. V 



one of them it may be so formed as to take the apple 

 from the hopper and break it on the end plank of the 

 frame of the mill, arid then convey the broken parts 

 to the other nut, so as to effect a double grinding by 

 the two nuts ; this is an improvement on the mills in 

 common use. The nuts are usually made of the 

 toughest White-oak ; black Walnut will be found 

 equally solid, and less liable to crack and split. 



The nuts are generally fluted ; sometimes a plain 

 cylinder; anrl in others, with the addition of an iron 

 hoop running round the cylinder in a spiral direction, 

 to cut the apples : in the larger establishments con- 

 nected with distilleries, the nuts are sometimes fixed 

 horizontally, and worked by a large wheel operating 

 on a smaller cog wheel attached to the axis of one of 

 the nuts, performing several revolutions of the nuts 

 with one revolution of the horse ; which saves both 

 time and labour. 



Within a few years past, nuts of cast iron in the 

 mills, constructed on the simple principle formerly in 

 use, and both nuts and wheels in the modern improve- 

 ments in the more complicated form, have been intro- 

 duced into use in this State; and are gaining ground 

 very rapidly in publick estimation. Strong objections 

 exist in the minds of many of our farmers against 

 them, founded on a belief that the liquor made by them 



