CHAPTER VI. 



HEATING OF VINERIES. 



f VINERY is not complete until it be efficiently heated. Heat 

 i.e., artificial heat being therefore requisite for the higher 

 cultivation of the Grape Vine, it becomes necessary to take 

 into consideration the best means of securing its proper 

 application. r^uf.ji 



Artificial heat, in distinction from solar heat, may be derived from 

 various sources, and applied in various ways. For Vines and 

 Vineries it is not necessary to allude to other sources than the 

 following : 



1. Flues. This, which is the oldest system, is still to be met 

 with in some old gardens, but is now seldom introduced. Flues are 

 objectionable on account of the great amount of space they occupy in 

 the interior of the house, and also on account of the very arid heat 

 they supply, necessitating extreme care in maintaining a sufficiently 

 moist atmosphere, and in preventing scorching, and the intrusion of 

 red spider and other insects. 



2. Hot Water. This is the system almost universally adopted at 

 the present day for horticultural purposes, and is superior to all 

 others. The only questions that may arise in regard to hot-water 

 heating are the position of the piping, and the extent or quantity 

 required for particular purposes. As to -the position of the piping, if 

 we take into consideration that the heat is obtained from the pipes by 

 radiation, and that heated air naturally moves upwards, it is at once 

 apparent that the heating material, or piping, should be placed at the 

 lowest and coldest part of the house. The practice, therefore, is to fix 

 the piping as shown in the several sections of Vineries, figs, 8, 9, and 

 10, viz., at the front, and near to the ventilators. 



As to the extent or quantity of piping, this is, and must be, 

 regulated by the special requirements in each case. An extra, rather 

 than under, supply is preferable at all times, so as to avoid keeping 

 the pipes at a very high temperature, which is injurious to vegetation. 



As regards boilers, according to our experience, for general use, 

 the Terminal-end Saddle Boiler is one of the simplest and most 

 efficient, and will answer all practical purposes. (See Chap. xxii.). 



