18 



WAR GARDENING 



use a mixture which kills by contact or sub- 

 stances which smother. Aphids, or plant lice, 

 usually collect on the underside of leaves, 

 causing them to crumple. This crumpling 

 causes the edges of the leaves to turn down, 

 protecting the aphids. Badly crumpled 

 leaves should* be picked and burned. In 

 spraying be sure to apply the spray to the 

 underside of the leaves. Otherwise the 

 edges will serve as protection and prevent 

 the spray from reaching the entire plant 

 effectively. 



Nicotine Sulphate Solution 



To destroy the sucking insects use nico- 

 tine sulphate solution, made as follows: 



Nicotine sulphate J ounce 



Laundry or other soap ^ ounce 



Water 2 gallons 



Dissolve the soap and then add this and 

 the nicotine sulphate to the water. 



Fig. 23 Bean anthracnose is indicated by dark sunken 

 scab-like spots on pods. There are also spots on leaves. 



Bordeaux and Nicotine Sulphate 

 Combination 



A combination spray for plant diseases and 

 sucking insects is made thus: 



Bordeaux mixture 2 gallons 



Nicotine sulphate J^ ounce 



Laundry or other soap ^ ounce 



THE EATING INSECTS 



The eating insects, or those which eat fruit 

 or foliage, may usually be killed by using a 

 spray of poisonous solution or by dusting 



poison powders on the plants attacked. 

 Arsenate of lead, procured at a drug or seed 

 store, is a favorite poison for this purpose, and 

 may be used in spray or powder, but it must 

 be handled with care as it is poisonous to 

 human beings. It should never be applied 

 to vegetables that are soon to be used, nor on 

 cabbage or cauliflower after the heads have 

 begun to form. As an added precaution wash 

 carefully all vegetables before using, whether 

 they have been sprayed or not. 



Arsenate of Lead Solution 



Arsenate of lead spraying solution is made 

 by mixing 1 ounce of arsenate of lead powder 

 (or 2 ounces of paste) with 6 quarts of water. 

 If the arsenate of lead is used in paste form 

 instead of powder mix 2 ounces with 6 quarts 

 of water. The powder is more easily weighed 

 and handled. Keep the mixture well stirred 

 while spraying, to insure even distribution. 



To apply arsenate of lead in dry form mix 

 1 ounce of the powder with 3 pounds of air- 

 slaked lime, dry road dust or ashes finely 

 sifted. Use a sifter for dusting this onto the 

 plants, while the plants are wet with dew or 

 rain. 



Bordeaux-Arsenate of Lead Combination 



Spraying with a combination of Bordeaux 

 mixture and arsenate of lead every two weeks 

 is a wise safeguard against both disease and 

 eating insects. To make this combination 

 spray use Bordeaux mixture instead of water 

 when preparing the arsenate of lead. By 

 using a combination spray half the labor of 

 spraying is saved. 



In spraying cabbage and cauliflower with 

 Bordeaux and arsenate of lead before the 

 heads form, a little soap mixed with the 

 arsenate of lead will make it stick better. 

 Shave the soap, add a small quantity of water 

 and boil until the soap is dissolved or put it 

 in cold water and stir occasionally until dis- 

 solved. Cool and stir into the arsenate of 

 lead solution. 



Paris green has long been used for pro- 

 tection, but arsenate of lead is now used 

 much more extensively and is considered 

 better. 



Poisoned Bait 



Poisoned bait is useful against cutworms 

 and slugs. Small portions of the bait should 

 be placed around plants subject to attack by 

 them. The pests feed at night and hide under 

 chips or other objects during the day. Bait 

 should be placed beneath these. Poisoned 

 bait may be made at home thus; 



Wheat bran 1 pound 



White arsenic, powdered J^ ounce 



Cheap sirup 1 or 2 ounces 



Water to make a thick mash of the mixture. 



