4 28 



INDEX 



ised Podostemad, 306 ; starch storage, 

 120; vegetative reproduction, 216 

 Lawia foliosa, 117 

 Lawia zeylanica, 117, 120, 216, 300 

 Leaves, band or ribbon, n (Fig. 3), 12, 

 13 (Fig. 4), 14 (Fig. 5), 19, 20, 22, 23, 

 140, 141, 343, 344, etc. 

 Leaves, floating, 30-32, 44-46, et passim 

 Leaves, submerged, 139-143, 163-171 ; 

 "adaptation" in, 171; aerating sys- 

 tem, 167; diaphragms, 167; epidermal 

 cells, form of, 163, 164; epidermis, 

 chlorophyll in, 164; fenestration, 142 

 (Fig. 91); mesophyll for storage, 168 

 (Fig. 109); non-radial anatomy, 165 

 (Fig. 1 06), 169; radial anatomy, 168 

 (Fig. 109) ; ratio of surface to volume, 

 140 Deduction of cuticle, 163 ; stomates 

 and hairs, 165-167 (Fig. 107); un- 

 differentiated mesophyll, 167, 168 

 (Fig. 109); water pores, 167 

 Leguminosae, 188, 189, 191, 192 

 Lemnagibba, 7, 76 (Fig. 48), 77, 78, 81, 



275. 2 97 



Lemna minor, 7, 76, 77, 78, 80, 291, 295, 

 297, 301, 307 



Lemna trisulca, 8, 78, 79 (Figs. 49, 50, 

 51), 80, 81 (Fig. 52), 208, 215, 295 



Lemnaceae, 73-82 ; aerenchyma, 76 (Fig. 

 48); affinities, 74, 82, 314, 316; alti- 

 tude, 290, 291; anatomy, 78, 79 (Fig. 

 51); anthocyanin, 276, 277; cotyledon 

 as float, 81 (Fig. 52), 248; dispersed 

 by water birds, 300, 301 ; distribution, 



73, 112, 295, 307; entirely aquatic, 

 318; entomophily, 80, 230; flowers, 

 74 (Fig. 47), 79 (Fig. 50), 80; land 

 forms, 77, 78; life in impure water, 

 81, 287; number of genera, 84; pro- 

 tandry, 80; range, 73, 112, 295, 307; 

 rarity of seeds, 75; reduced inflores- 

 cences, 73, 74 (Fig. 47); root-caps, 74, 

 76 (Fig. 48); roots for equilibrium, 



74, 207; seedlings, 80, 81 (Fig. 52); 

 seeds, 80, 297; turions, 74-77; vegeta- 

 tive morphology, 7374 ; vigour of 

 vegetative growth, 77, 81, 83 



Length, of axes, of Oenanthe, 150, of 

 Polygonum, 215, of Ranunculus, 214, 

 of Utricularia, 215; of petiole, ped- 

 uncle, etc., in Nymphaeaceae, 28 

 (Fig. 13), 31 (Fig. 15), 283; of petiole 

 in Hydrocharis, Marsilea, Ranunculus, 

 283, 284; of submerged leaves of 

 Sagittaria, 12, of Vallisneria, 140 



Lentibulariaceae, 91, 104, 313 



Lenticels, effect of submergence on, 187 



Lesser Water Plantain. See Echinodorus 

 ranunculoides 



Lignification, poor, in aquatics, 260 



Liliaceae, 326 



Limnanthemum, 39-41; affinities, 313; 

 anthocyanin, 276; dehiscence, 240 



(Fig. 156), 241, 242 (Fig. 157); dis- 

 tribution, 304, 305; effect of drying 

 on seeds, 243 ; fruit ripening in water, 

 239; geophytic habit, 41 (Figs. 22 and 

 23), 217, 323; germination, 248; land 

 form, 195; mucilage ; 271; rhizome, 

 39, 41 (Figs. 22, 23), 217, 323; seeds, 

 240 (Fig. 156), 241, 297: support of 

 inflorescence, 228 



Limnanthemum Humboldtianum, 239 



Limnanthemum indicum, 40, 304 



Limnanthemum nymphoides,3Q-4(Figs. 

 22, 23), 195, 228, 240 (Fig. 156), 241, 

 242 (Fig. 157), 243, 248, 271 



Limnobium, geotropic curvature of fruit- 

 stalk, 239, 282; heterophylly, 157 



Limnobium Boscii, 157, 282 



Limnocharis Humboldtii, 166 



Limnophila, heterophylly, 151, 161 ; 

 sleep movements, 281; systematic 

 position, 313 



Limnophila heterophylla, 161, 281 



Limnophila hottonoides, 151 



Limnosipanea, heterophylly, 151; af- 

 finities, 313 



Limnosipanea Spruceana, 151 



Limosella, affinities, 313, 318; cleisto- 

 gamy, 233, 235; distributed by birds, 

 301; flowers, 313; land and water 

 forms, 198 



Limosella aquatica, 198, 233, 301, 313 



Linaria Cymbalaria, 240 



"Little Bell," Grew on heterophylly in, 



J55 



Littorella, aerating system of leaf, 167; 

 affinities, 313; anemophily, 232; 

 apical openings of leaves, 269 ; flowers 

 and fruit, 313; fruit, 241, 242; 

 funicular plug in fruit wall, 242; 

 geophytic habit, 323 ; germination in 

 situ, 246; in peaty water, 287, 290; 

 land and water forms, 198 (Fig. 128); 

 ousted by Potamogeton, 333; radial 

 leaf, 168; runners, 217, 218 (Fig. 142) 



Littorella lacustris, 7, 141, 198 (Fig. 128), 

 217, 218 (Fig. 142), 232, 241, 242, 246 



Liverworts, 327 



Lobelia Dortmanna, aerating system of 

 leaves, 167; affinities, 313; fruit 

 ripening in air, 239; in biological 

 classification, 7; in peaty water, 287; 

 in sandy pools and mountain lochs, 

 290; leaves, 141 ; root, 245; sinking of 

 seeds, 297; stomates, 166 



Lobelia, Water. See Lobelia Dortmanna 



Loess alluvium, 287 



Loosestrife, Water. See Lythrum Sali- 

 caria 



Lotus, 1 88 



Lotus, Sacred. See Nelumbo Nelumbo 



Low countries, 9 



Ludwigia, 311, 318 



Lupinus, 200 



