1628-1635.] OF THE MARQUIS OF WORCESTER 19 



were, of the several subjects to which they apply. So 

 fertile, indeed, was this inventive faculty in him, that 

 he himself has stated : &quot; The more that you shall be 

 pleased to make use of my inventions, the more inven 

 tive shall you ever find me, one invention begetting 

 still another.&quot;* 



Among his larger works we must rank his water-raising 

 engines, in which his earliest efforts are exhibited in 

 the water-works he erected in connection with the Cita 

 del or Keep of Raglan Castle ; which, as will be more 

 minutely explained in a future commentary, belongs 

 to this period. It probably depended for its operation 

 on the influence of heat from burning fuel acting on a 

 suitably constructed boiler containing water, and so 

 arranged as to be able to apply the expansive force of 

 steam to the driving of water through vertical pipes to 

 a considerable elevation, which in this instance is 

 supposed to have been limited to a large cistern on the 

 summit of the Citadel or Donjon, known as the Tower 

 of Gwent. This early work may, in fact, have been the 

 occasion of calling in the aid of Caspar Kaltoff and once 

 thus employed, his after retention by such a master is 

 readily conceivable. But master, and man, and works 

 have all disappeared, and no printed, written, or drawn 

 record or model remains of the waterworks there set 

 up, to enable us to point distinctly to precise parti 

 culars of arrangement. All that the inquisitive and 

 ingenious investigator can find to reward his most 

 prying curiosity, are certain strange mysterious grooves 

 in the external wall of the Citadel, on one side facing 

 the moat and the castle, which point like a hieroglyphic 

 inscription to the precise place where once stood in 

 active operation the first practical application in a 

 primitive form of a means of employing steam as a 

 useful mechanical agent. 



* The &quot; Century,&quot; Dedication. O 



