WITH NOTES. 409 



In that fine work, &quot; Vitruvia de Architectural folio, 

 Como, 1521, there is an engraving of a large vessel 

 propelled by paddles, worked by animal power; 

 therefore, so far as such a mode of propulsion is 

 concerned, paddle-wheels are of very ancient origin. 

 In 1574, Ealph Kabbards* presented to Queen Eliza 

 beth, through the medium of the venerable Lord Burgh- 

 ley, a list of twenty-five inventions. The 24th is : &quot; The 

 rarest engine that was ever invented for sea service. 

 A vessel in manner of a galley or galliotte to pass upon 

 the seas and rivers without oars or sail, against wind 

 and tide, swifter than any that ever hath been seen ; 

 of wonderful effect both for intelligence, and many 

 other admirable exploits, almost beyond the expectation 

 of man.&quot; 



William Bourne, in his &quot; Inventions or Devices,&quot; 

 published in 1578, most of which he claims to be his 

 own projects, yet acknowledging some to have been 

 borrowed, offers the following in the 19th Device 

 without comment : &quot; And furthermore you may make 

 a boat to go without oars or sayle, by the placing of 

 certain wheels on the outside of the boat, in that sort, 

 that the arms of the wheels may go into the water, and 

 so turning the wheels by some provision, and so the 

 wheels shall make the boat to go.&quot; 



This is followed by another application, being the 

 20th Device : &quot; And also, they make a water-mill in 

 a boat, for when that it rideth at an anchor, the tide or 

 stream will turn the wheels with great force, and these 

 mills are used in France, &c.&quot; 



In 1583, proposals were made for 20 different inven 

 tions, but the author s name does not appear. The 



* From the Lansdown MSS. 121. Sec also Letters Illustrative of Science. 

 Edited by J. O. Halliwcll, F.K.S. &c. 8vo. 1841. 



