THE HISTOEY OF LIFE 207 



us to believe that he sprang into existence at one 

 place, but we may rather suppose that he came to 

 stay from many centres. Rude, unkempt, probably 

 hairy like a monkey, living on uncooked food, in caves, a 

 mere beast on the earth's surface such was the origin of 

 civilized man. Gradually by a process of the survival of 

 the iittest he has altered to become the intelligent beino- 



o & 



we now find him, able to make huge complex instru- 

 ments of war and peace, able to girdle the world 

 so that distance is annihilated, able to impress his 

 thoughts in such a way that they can be distributed 



This, however, it must be remarked, extends only to the type of man 

 .as shown by these two skulls, and does not at all affect the fact that 

 man, of some type or other, did exist in the Pliocene and Miocene 

 periods, which is established beyond reasonable doubt by the numerous 

 instances in which chipped implements and cut bones have been 

 found by experienced observers, and pronounced genuine by the 

 highest authorities. 



"All we can say with any certainty is, that if the Darwinian 

 theory of evolution applies to man, as it does to all other animals, 

 and especially to man's closest kindred, the other quadrumana, the 

 common ancestor must be sought very much further back, in the 

 Eocene, which inaugurated the reign of placental mammalia, and 

 in which the primitive types of so many of the later mammals have 

 been found." ("Human Origins," S. Laing, 1895, pp. 388-390.) 

 See latter part of foot-note, page 177. 



" The investigations in the bed of the Nile confirm these views. 

 That some unwarranted conclusions have at times been announced is 

 true ; but the fact remains that again and again rude pottery and 

 other evidences of early stages of civilization have been found in 

 borings at places so distant from each other, and at depths so great, 

 that for such a range of concurring facts, considered in connection 

 with the rate of earthy deposit by the Nile, there is no adequate 

 explanation save the existence of man in that valley thousands on 

 thousands of years before the longest time admitted by our sacred 

 chronologists." (" A History of the Warfare of Science with 

 Theology in Christendom," A. D. White, 1896, vol. i. p. 263.) 



