MAN IN NATURE 213 



toward which they are unable, except to a very 

 limited degree, to raise those of the more domesticable 

 animals which they endeavour to train into com 

 panionship with themselves. It is, however, in these 

 domesticated animals that we find the highest degree 

 of approximation to ourselves in emotional develop 

 ment, and this is perhaps one of the points that fits 

 them for such human association. In approaching 

 the higher psychical endowments, the affinity of man 

 and the brute appears to diminish and at length to 

 cease, and it is left to him alone to rise into the 

 domain of the rational and ethical. 



Those supreme endowments of man we may, 

 following the nomenclature of ancient philosophy 

 and of our sacred Scriptures, call pneumatical or 

 spiritual. They consist of consciousness, reason, and 

 moral volition. That man possesses these powers 

 everyone knows ; that they exist or can be developed 

 in lower animals no one has succeeded in proving. 

 \ Here at length we have a severance between man and 

 material nature. Yet it does not divorce him from 

 the unity of nature, except on the principles of 

 atheism. For if it separates him from animals it 

 ] allies him with the Power who made and planned the 

 ! animals. To the naturalist the fact that such capaci 

 ties exist in a being who in his anatomical structure 

 so closely resembles the lower animals, constitutes an 

 evidence of the independent existence of those 

 powers, and of their spiritual character and rela- 



