AGRICULTURAL TEXT-BOOK. 



65 



flour were each, separately, mixed with a quarter of a pound of 

 yeast, and were made into loaves and baked in the same oven. 



The Cincinnati loaf weighed 3 ll&amp;gt;s. 



The Alabama loaf weighed - - 3^- Ibs. 



The gain in the latter is 22 percent, over the former; or fivo 

 barrels of Southern flour are equal to six of Northern flour. 

 (Pat. Off. Rep., 1846, p. 150.) 



172. When fermentation, or rising, in bread is affected by 

 the addition of yeast or leaven to the paste or dough, the char 

 acter of the mass is materially altered. A larger or smaller 

 proportion of the flour is virtually lost; according to Dr. W. 

 Gregory it amounts to a loss of one sixteenth part of the whole 

 of the flour. To avoid this, it has been recommended to raise 

 bread by means of carbonate of soda and muriatic acid, which 

 produce the same effect as yeast, while the sugar and gluten 

 are saved ; these two former materials forming common salt ; and 

 giving off carbonic acid gas. 



173. The best SOILS for Wheat are those which contain a 

 good proportion of clay and lime. Light and sandy soils do 

 not usually produce good wheat. 



Boussingault gives the following classification of soils : 



