CHAPTER XI. 



RICE. BUCKWHEAT. MILLET. CANARY 

 GRASS. 



315. Rice has been known and cultivated from the earliest 

 periods, and furnishes food to a large portion of the human 

 family. Its native country is unknown. 



316. There are two varieties, (a J Common Rice ; (Orysa 

 sativa) and (I,) Cochin China, Dry, Upland, or Mountain Rice; 

 with several subvarieties, as Long Grain and Small Grain, &c. 



317. The first (a,) is cultivated in marshes; and, for a great 

 part of its growth, is partially under water. It requires a warm 

 climate. On the Eastern continent it matures as high as the 

 45th parallel of north lat. and as far south as the 38th. On the 

 Atlantic side of the Western continent, as far north and south 

 as 38 of lat. On the western coast as far north as 40 or 

 more. It is cultivated in India, China, the Indian Archipelago, 

 Eastern Africa, South of Europe, southern portion of the United 

 States, and in parts of South America. It was introduced into 

 Virginia in 1647, and into Louisiana in 1718. According to 

 Boussingault it requires a minimum temperature of 75 F. 



318. The second variety (&,) grows on mountains and dry 

 soils ; several degrees further north and south than the first. It 

 is found high on the range of the Himalayan Mountains, and is 

 cultivated in the northern provinces of China, in Hungary, 

 Westphalia, Virginia, Maryland, Illinois, Missouri, &c. It was 

 introduced into Charleston, S. C., from Canton, in 1772. 



319. The States in which Rice is chiefly cultivated are 



