AGRICULTURAL TEXT-BOOK. 305 



AN ANIMAL A VEGETABLE 



is is 



AN APPARATUS OF COMBUSTION J AX APPARATUS OF REDUCTIOX ; 



Possesses the faculty of Locomotion ; Is fixed ; 



Burus Carbon, Reduces Carbon, 



Hydrogen, Hydrogen, 



Ammonium, Ammonium, 



Exhales Carbonic acid, Fixes Carbonic acid, 



Water, Water, 



Oxide of Ammonium, Oxide of Ammonium, 



Nitrogen ; Nitrogen ; 



Consumes Oxygen, Produces Orgen, 



Neutral nitrogeuized matters, Neutral nitrogenizei matters, 



Fatty matters, Fatty matters, 



Amylaceous matters, Amylaceous matters, 



sugars, gums; sugars, gums; 



Produces Heat, Absorbs Heat, 



Electricity ; Abstracts Electricity ; 



Restores its elements to the air, Derives its element s from the air, 



or to the earth ; or from the earth ; 



Transforms organized matters Transforms mineral matters into 



into mineral matters. organized matters. 



673. Manures are generally classed under three heads : (a,) vegeta 

 ble ; (6,) animal ; (c,) mineral. Those that are of vegetable origin be- 

 ing formed of decaying vegetable matter, consist, like the plant, of an 

 organic and mineral part ; of which the former is usually much the 

 lajger in quantity But a new branch of study is connected with the 

 decay 01 decomposition of this vegetable matter, and especially of its 

 organic part, in the farm-yard, in the compost heap, or in the soil. This 

 decay gives rise to new chemical combinations, which have much influ 

 ence on the efficacy of the decomposed matter as a manure. The nature 

 and products of this new series of chemical changes ought to be famil 

 iar to the farmer. 



674. Those manures which are of animal origin resemble, in com 

 position, the parts of the animal body from which they are derivedthe 



loocl, flesh, bone, &amp;lt;fc c . Or, if they consist of urine and dung of ani 

 male, they have a.certain relation, especially the solid excrements to 

 n which the animals have lived. Here, however, a new kind 

 of information is demanded. These animal substances, like theve-eta- 

 ble, putrifj before they become directly useful to plants. In the bodies 

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