SCLENID.E. XCIV. 241 



FAMILY XCIV. SCLENID^E. 



(The Maigres.) 



Body compressed, often elongate, covered with ctenoid 

 scales; lateral line continuous, often running up on the 

 caudal fin; teeth in villiform bands, sometimes with 

 canines; vomer and palate toothless; opercles weakly if 

 at all serrated; bones of skull more or less cavernous, 

 with muciferous system highly developed; chin usually 

 with pores or barbels; lower pharyngeals distinct, except 

 in Haploidonotus and its relatives, where they are 

 firmly united ( pharyngognathous) as in the LabridoBj 

 dorsals two, distinct or slightly connected, the soft part 

 most developed; vertical fins usually scaly; ventrals 

 I, 5, thoracic; anal spines generally 1 or 2; air bladder 

 large and often complicated (rarely wanting); stomach 

 coecal with a few pyloric appendages. 



Chiefly marine, in temperate and warm regions, the 

 following only in fresh water. Genera about twenty; 

 species one hundred and ten, numerous on our coasts: 



* Lower jaw shorter, received within the upper; both jaws fully 

 provided with teeth ; no canines ; lower pharyngeals united. 

 (HAPLOIDONOTIN^E.) 



f Body moderately elevated ; depth about one-third length ; 

 caudal double-truncate, slightly prolonged behind. 



HAPLOIDONOTUS, 1. 



ff Body greatly elevated at the shoulders ; depth nearly half 

 length ; caudal truncate. . . EUTYCHELITHUS, 2. 



/. HAPLOIDONOTUS, Rafmesque. BUBBLERS. 

 = Arriblodon, Raf. 



1. H. grunniens, Raf. SHEEPSHEAD (Lakes), WHITE 

 PERCH, GRUNTER, DRUM. Depth 3 in length; head 3^; 

 back elevated forwards, and much compressed spines 

 n 



