50 DERIVATIVES OF ETHYL ALCOHOL. 



liquid distilled off down to one-eighth of the original 

 volume. The distillate is agitated with water; the 

 ether, which is precipitated, is separated from the 

 water, desiccated by means of calcium chloride, and 

 rectified on a water bath. Without the presence of 

 the urea, a violent reaction takes place and the acid 

 and the alcohol are thorough ly decomposed, forming 

 nitrous ether together with many other products. 

 Colorless liquid, of pleasant odor ; of specific gravity, 

 1.132 at ; boiling point, 87. Does not mix with 

 water; burns with a white flame; its vapor explodes 

 when heated above the boiling point. 



Ethyl nitrite, C 2 H 5 .N0 2 , is formed when nitrous 

 anhydride is mixed with well-cooled aqueous alcohol, 

 in which case the ether separates immediately ; or by 

 conducting the acid in a gaseous form into the alcohol 

 and condensing the gaseous ether that passes over by 

 cooling. Is prepared most easily by adding a solution 

 of potassium nitrate to a mixture of alcohol and sul 

 phuric acid, or by pouring this mixture upon the dry 

 salt. Pale yellow, very thin liquid, of an agreeable 

 fruity odor; specific gravity, 0.947; boiling point, 

 16. 5; does not mix with water; decomposes when 

 kept for any length of time. 



Ethyl sulphate, (C 2 H 5 .0) 2 S0 2 , is formed when the 

 vapor of sulphuric anhydride is conducted into well- 

 cooled ether, or, better, when absolute alcohol or ether 

 is added drop by drop to sulphuryl oxichloride 

 (S0 2 .C1.0H). Colorless, thick liquid, undergoes de 

 composition at 130-140. 



^ Ethylsulphuric acid (Sulphovinic acid), C 2 H 5 .0. 

 S0 2 .OII, is formed when 1 part of alcohol and 2 parts 

 of sulphuric acid are mixed together. &quot;When the mix 

 ture has cooled, it is diluted with water, neutralized 

 with barium carbonate, and the dissolved barium 

 ethylsulphate filtered off. The solution is then care 

 fully evaporated, and the ethylsulphuric acid obtained 

 in a free state by precipitating the barium with the 



