TOLUENE. 277 



less prisms (fusing point, 54 ; boiling point, 236) ; 

 the latter, a liquid boiling at 222-223. Metanitroto- 

 luene is produced by boiling diazonitrotoluene sulphate 

 (from metanitro-paratoluidin) with absolute alcohol. 

 Crystalline; fusing point, 16; boiling point, 230-231. 



Dinitrotoluene, C 6 H 3 (^&quot;0 2 ) 2 .CH 3 . Is produced from 

 toluene, para- and orthonitrotoluene by treating with 

 nitric-sulphuric acid. Long, almost colorless needles ; 

 fusing point, 71. An isomeric dinitrotoluene (needles, 

 fusing point, 60) is produced from metanitrotoluene 

 by the same treatment. 



Trinitrotoluene, C 6 H 2 (]TO 2 ) 3 .CIP. Almost color 

 less needles, but sparingly soluble in cold alcohol. 

 Fusing point, 82. 



Amidotoluene (Toluidins), C 6 H 4 (^H 2 ).CH 3 . The 

 three modifications are prepared from the three iso 

 meric nitrotoluenes, like anilin from nitrobenzene. 

 The commercial crude toluidin is a mixture of ortho- 

 and paratoluidin. 



Orthp toluidin (Pseudotoluidin). Colorless liquid, 

 of specific gravity 1.00. Boiling point, 197. But 

 slightly soluble in water. Does not congeal at 20. 

 Gives, with acetyl chloride, an acettoluide^ C H 4 

 (ISrH.C 2 H 3 O).CH 3 , that crystallizes in needles, and fuses 

 at 107. 



Metatoluidin. Colorless liquid, of specific gravity 

 0.998. Boiling point, 197. Does not congeal at 

 13. &quot;With acetyl chloride it gives an acettoluide, 

 that crystallizes in fascicles and fuses at 65.5. 



Paratoluidin. Large, colorless crystals ; fusing 

 point, 45 ; boiling point, 198. With acetyl chloride, 

 it gives an acettoluide that crystallizes well, and fuses 

 at 145. 

 24 



