302 QUINHYDRONE. 



distillation of quinic acid with a chlorine-mixture. 

 Monochlorquinone C 6 H 3 C10 2 . Long, yellow needles. 

 Dichlorquinone C 6 H 2 C1 2 2 . Is also produced by the ac 

 tion of chlorous anhydride on benzene ; and by treat 

 ing trichlorphenol with nitric acid. Large, yellow 

 prisms ; fusing point, 120. Trichlorqirinone C 6 HC1 3 2 . 

 Large, yellow laminae, almost insoluble in water ; fus 

 ing point, 165-166. Tetrachlorquinone (chloranile), 

 C 6 Cf*0 2 , is produced, together with trichlorquinone, also 

 from a number of other organic compounds (phenol, 

 anilin, salicylic acid, isatine, etc.) by treatment with 

 chlorine, or hydrochloric acid and potassium chlorate. 

 Yellow, lamellar crystals, sublimable without decom 

 position, insoluble in water, but slightly soluble in 

 cold alcohol, more readily in hot. Heated with phos 

 phorus pentachloride, it yields perchlorbenzene, (C 6 C1 6 ) 

 (p. 254). Dissolves in dilute caustic potassa, thus caus 

 ing the formation of potassium chloride and the diffi 

 cultly soluble purplish-red potassium salt of chlorani- 

 lic add, C 6 C1 2 (OK) 2 2 + H 2 0, from which by means of 

 sulphuric acid the free acid, C 6 C1 2 (OH) 2 2 + H 2 0, may 

 be obtained in the form of reddish-white, shiny scales, 

 resembling mica. The same acid is also obtained by 

 treating trichlorquinone in the same way. 



ftuinhydrone (Green hydroquinone), C 12 H 10 4 , is 

 formed by the action of an insufficient quantity of sul 

 phurous acid on a solution of quinone ; or by mixing 

 solutions of quinone and hydroquinone ; and may hence 

 be considered as a compound of equal molecules of 



quinone and hydroquinone : C 6 II 4 &amp;lt; QTT TTQ [ C 6 H 4 . In 



general terms, it is always produced when hydrogen is 

 eliminated from hydroquinone, as, for instance, by means 

 of chlorine water, iron chloride, nitric acid, etc. Long, 

 thin prisms of a beautiful green metallic lustre, of an 

 odor somewhat resembling that of quinone. It fuses 

 easily, sublimes partially, is slightly soluble in water, 

 easily in alcohol, forming a yellow solution. Further 

 treatment with oxidizing substances converts it readily 

 into quinone ; with reducing agents into hydroquinone. 



