SPAKTEINE. 435 



Bromonicotine, C 10 H 12 Br 2 N&quot; 2 . When an ethereal 

 solution of nicotine is poured into an ethereal solution 

 of bromine, shiny, bright-red prisms, C 10 H 12 Br s mBr a . 

 HBr, are deposited, which lose hydrobromic acid in 

 contact with the air, and when boiled with water or 

 alcohol, or when their solution is allowed to stand for 

 a long time, are converted into bromonicotine hydrobrom- 

 ate, C 10 H 12 Br 2 N 2 .HBr, bromine being given up. Potassa 

 or ammonia separates free bromonicotine from the cold 

 solutions of these salts. Crystallizes from ^water^ in 

 long colorless needles, permanent in the air. Diffi 

 cultly soluble in cold water, easily soluble in hot water 

 and in alcohol. A weaker base than nicotine. By 

 boiling with caustic potassa it is reconverted into nico 

 tine. 



Nicotine combines with the iodides of alcohol radi 

 cles, forming crystalline iodine-compounds, from which 

 silver oxide separates strongly alkaline ammonium 

 bases, which are not volatile. 



3. Sarteine. 



Occurrence. In Spartium scoparium. 



Preparation. The plant is exhausted ^with^ water, 

 which is slightly acidified with sulphuric acid; the 

 extract evaporated down to a small volume, and dis 

 tilled with caustic soda. The distillate is evaporated 

 to dry ness with hydrochloric acid ; and the residue dis 

 tilled with solid potassium hydroxide. 



Properties. Colorless, thick oil, of a bitter taste; 

 sparingly soluble in water; boils at 288. Strongly 

 alkaline. Has a narcotic action. Diatomic base. 



Conducts itself towards alcoholic iodides in the same 

 manner as nicotine. 



4. Opium Bases. - 



In opium, the dried juice of the capsules of the 

 poppy (Papaver sowra/entw), are contained, in addition 



