444 BASES OF CINCHONA-BARK. 



the product in hot water, and adding alcohol and am 

 monia, separates on cooling in colorless crystalline lami 

 nae. These are decomposed by boiling with alcoholic po- 

 tassa, forming potassium hromide and a crystallizing 

 base, oxy cinchonine, which is isomeric with quinine, 

 but essentially different from it ; insoluble in water and 

 ether. 



The chinoidine of commerce, which in the manufac 

 ture of quinine is obtained from the last mother- 

 liquors, contains principally two bases, isomeric with 

 quinine and cinchonine, viz. : quinidine arid cinchonidine. 



3. ftuinidine (Conquinine), C 20 H 24 ]$r 2 2 + 2II 2 0. Is 

 contained in all cinchona-barks, but more especially in 

 the Pitaya bark ; is obtained from chinoidine by ex 

 tracting with a little ether, adding alcohol to the fil 

 tered solution, and evaporating it slowly. Crystallizes 

 from alcohol in large prisms, which are sparingly solu 

 ble in water, and effloresce readily. Fusing point, 

 168. Gives the quinine reaction with chlorine water 

 and ammonia. 



4. Cinchonidine and P-Cinchonine are the names 

 which have been given to two bases very similar to, 

 but not identical with, cinchonine. A base isomeric 

 with cinchonine is contained in quinoidine and in 

 commercial quinidine ; another, of the composition 

 C 18 H 22 N 2 0, has been found in a few varieties of cinchona. 

 &quot;When the sulphates of these four cinchona bases are 

 moistened with water and sulphuric acid, and carefully 

 kept fusing at 130 for a few hours, they are converted 

 into the sulphates of two new resinous bases, quinicine 

 and cinchonicine. These are isomeric with quinine and 

 cinchonine, but entirely different from them in all 

 their properties. Quinicine is formed from quinine 

 and quinidine, cinchonicine from cinchonine and cin 

 chonidine (that prepared from quinoidine). 



Heated with caustic potassa, the cinchona bases 

 yield volatile bases, chinoline, and homologous sub 

 stances (see end of this section). 



