16 NATURAL HISTORY. 



of the fist, are caused by an imagination of the act 

 of revenge. 



717. Light displeasure or dislike causeth shaking of 

 the head, frowning, and knitting of the brows. These 

 effects arise from the same causes that trembling and 

 horror do; namely, from the retiring of the spirits, 

 but in a less degree. For the shaking of the head 

 is but a slow and definite trembling ; and is a gest 

 ure of slight refusal ; and we see also that a dislike 

 causeth (often) that gesture of the hand which we use 

 when we refuse a thing, or warn it away. The frown 

 ing and knitting of the brows is a gathering or serring 

 of the spirits, to resist in some measure. And we see 

 also this knitting of the brows will follow upon earnest 

 studying or cogitation of any thing, though it be with 

 out dislike. 



718. Shame causeth blushing, and casting down of 

 the eyes. Blushing is the resort of blood to the face ; 

 which in the passion of shame is the part that labour- 

 eth most. And although the blushing will be seen in 

 the whole breast if it be naked, yet that is but in pas 

 sage to the face. As for the casting down of the eyes, 

 it proceedeth of the reverence a man beareth to other 

 men ; whereby, when he is ashamed, he cannot endure 

 to look firmly upon others : and we see that blushing 

 and the casting down of the eyes both, are more when 

 we come before many ; ore Pompeii quid mollius? nun- 

 quam non coram pluribus erubuit : l and likewise when 

 we come before great or reverend persons. 



719. Pity causeth sometimes tears ; and a flexion 

 or cast of the eye aside. Tears come from the same 

 cause that they do in grief: for pity is but grief in 



l Seneca, Ep. 11. 



