152 THE ADVANCEMENT OF LEARNING. 



knowledge; where we may find painted forth with great life 

 how affections are kindled and incited; and how pacified ^and 

 refrained- and how again contained from act and further 

 decree how they disclose themselves ; how they work ; how 

 thfy vary ; how they gather and fortify; how they are en 

 wrapped one within another ; and how they do fight and 

 Tnco^nter one with another ; and other the like particularities 

 Amon-st the which this last is of special use in moral and 

 dvll matters; how, I say, to set affection Against affection 

 and to master one by another ; even as we used to hunt beast 

 h S and fly bird with bird, which otherwise percase we 

 Sold not so easily recover: upon which *^*fi* 

 that excellent use of prcemium and pan* *%^JQS 

 consist- employing the predominant affections of fear and 

 iTope, for S stressing and bridling the rest. For as in the 

 government of states it is sometimes necessary to bridle one 

 faction with another, so it is in the government thin. 



(7) Now come we to those points which are within our own 

 command, and have force and operation upon the mind, to 

 afS the will and appetite, and to alter manners : wherein 

 tihey ought to have handled custom, exercise, habit education, 

 example, imitation, emulation, company friends, praise 

 Reproof, exhortation fame, laws, books studies : these as they 

 have determinate use in moralities, from these the mind 

 suffereth, and of these are euch receipts and regiments com 

 pounded and described, as may serve to recover or preserve 

 the health and good estate of the mind, as far as pertameth to 

 Imman medicine: of which number we will insist upon some 

 onTor two, as an example of the rest, because it were too long 

 to prosecute all; and therefore we do resume custom and 



h t8tTVe P op k mfon of Aristotle seemeth to me a negligent 

 op nion, that P of those things which consist by Na ure no hmg 

 can be changed by custom ; using for example, that if a stone 

 be thro v^ ten thousand times up it will not learn to ascend ; 

 and that by often seeing or hearing we do not learn to see or 

 hear the better. For though this principle be true in things 

 wherein Natoe is peremptory (the reason whereof we cannot 

 nows and Tdiscuss), ylt /is otherwise in thm^^em 

 Nature admitteth a latitude. For he might see that a strait 

 glove will come more easily on with use ; and that a wand will 

 by use bend otherwise than it grew; and that by use of the 

 voke we speak louder and stronger ; and that by use of 

 Indurine heat or cold we endure it the better, and the like . 

 ^HftSwrt have a nearer resemblance unto that subject 



