, 



rNVERTKBKATE ANIMALS OF VINEYARD SOUND, ETC.- 3 







i; - ts-of the species found in them were made. Most of those tin: , as 

 certained to be their ordinary food were traced to their natural haiuijs 

 i roui whence the fishes obtain them. 



9 th. The parasites of fishes, both external and internal, were to be 

 collected and preserved for future study. 



A large collection of such parasites was made, but the internal para 

 sites, which are very numerous, have not yet been studied. The inter 

 nal parasites were collected chiefly by Dr. Edward Palmer. 



The map accompanying the present report serves to show the locali 

 ties explored, and the extent of the labor in dredging and sounding. 

 The operations during the first six weeks were under the charge of Mr. 

 S. I. Siiiith, who remained until July 25. He was assisted by Dr. W. 

 (I. Farlow, who also investigated the algre. Professor J. E. Todd, of 

 Tabor, Iowa, then took charge of the work for three weeks, until I was 

 able to join the party, on the 16th of August. During the remainder 

 (ff the season, until September 20, the operations were under my im me 

 diate superintendence ; but Professor A. Hyatt, of Boston ; Dr. A. S. 

 Packard, of Salem ; Dr. Farlow, of Cambridge ; and Professor D. 0. Eaton, 

 of !New Haven, gave very important aid in carrying out our investiga 

 tions, and our thanks are due to all of these gentlemen for their assist 

 ance. Several other naturalists were present, from time to time, and 

 cooperated with our party in various ways. 



The dredging operations in the shallow waters of Vineyard Sound 

 and Buzzard s Bay were carried on at ilrst by means of a sail-boat, but 

 during the greater part of the time by means of a strain-launch. The 

 dredgings outsid e of these waters, and off Martha s Vineyard, were all 

 done by means of a United States revenue-cutter, the steamer Mocca 

 sin, under command of Captain J. G. Baker. Oar thanks are due to 

 the officers of the Moccasin, who were very courteous, and gave us all 

 the facilities within their power for carrying out our investigations suc 

 cessfully. Without this important assistance we should have remained 

 in complete ignorance of the temperature and peculiar fauna of the 

 deeper waters oil this shore, for the localities were too distant to be 

 reached by means of the steam-launch or sail-boats. 



The examination of the bottom was done by means of dredges of 

 various si/.es, constructed much like those in general use for this pur 

 pose ; by &quot;rake-dredges 1 of novel construction, consisting of a heavy 

 A-shaped iron frame, to the arms of which bars of iron armed with 

 long, thin, and sharp teeth, arranged like those of a rake, are bolted, 

 back to back ; a rectangular frame of round iron, supporting a deep 

 and fine dredge-net, follows just behind the rake to receive and retain 

 the animals raked from thesoft mud or sand by the rake; a trawl-net 

 with a beam about fourteen feet long, made of stout, iron gas-pipe, and 

 having a net, fine toward the end, about forty feet deep, and provided 

 with numerous pockets; &quot;tangles,&quot; consisting of an A-shaped iron 

 frame, to which frayed-out hemp-ropes are attached. The best form 



