[649] INVERTEBRATE ANIMALS OF VINEYARD SOUND, ETC. 355 



incorrectly identified. It may have been a worn Cerithiopsis terebralis. 

 The true T. erosa is a decidedly northern species, common in Gasco Bay 

 and the Bay of Fundy, and extending northward to the Arctic Ocean, 

 and southward on the northern coasts of Europe, and on the North 

 Pacific coast of America. It has not been recorded from south of Cape 

 Cod by any one except Linsley. 



VERMETUS RADICULA Stimpson. Plate XXIY, fig. 157. (p. 417.) 



Shells of New England, p. 37, 1851 ; Gould, Invert., ed ii, p. 316, fig. 584. Ver- 

 metus lumbricalis Gould, ed. i, p. 246, and various other American authors, 

 (non Lamarck). 



Cape Cod to Florida. Vineyard Sound and Buzzard s Bay, 3 to 10 

 fathoms, not uncommon ; Long Island Sound. Fort Macon, North 

 Carolina, common, (Coues). 



Fossil in the Post-Pliocene of North Carolina. 



PULCHELLUM Stimpson. Plate XXIV, fig. 158. (p. 417.) 



Proceedings Boston Society of Natural History, vol. iv, p. 112, 1851; Shells of 

 New England, p. 36, Plate 2, fig. 3, 1851 ; Gould, Invert., ed. ii, p. 315, fig. 583. 



Vineyard Sound, 1 to 4 fathoms, and dead on shore at Nobsca Beach. 

 New Bedford (Stimpson). Greenport, Long Island, 10 fathoms, sand, 

 (S. Smith). 



Dead shells of this species readily lose the outer layer, in which the 

 annulations are formed ; they then become white and smooth, without 

 any trace of aunulations, and might be mistaken for a different species. 



COOPERI Smith. 



Sanderson Smith, Annals Lyceum Nat. Hist., New York, vol. vii, p. 154, 1860 ; 

 op. cit., vol. ix, p. 393, fig. 3, 1870, (non Carpenter, 1864). Cceciim costatum 

 Verrill, American Journal of Science, vol. iii, p. 283, 1872; this Report, p. 417. 



Vineyard Sound, 8 to 10 fathoms. Gardiner s Bay, Long Island, 4 to 

 5 fathoms, sand, (Smith). 



The first description of this species was formerly overlooked by me ; 

 as it antedates the description of the Californian species to which Dr. 

 Carpenter gave the same name, the present species must be called 

 Cooperi. 



In the adolescent stage of growth this species enlarges rather rapidly, 

 and has 12 or 13, distinct, elevated, rounded costre, narrower than the 

 intervals between ; the circular grooves are numerous, unequal, inter 

 rupted over the eostse, and broader toward the aperture. The aperture 

 is rounded within ; its margin is stellated externally by the costre. 



CREPIDULA FORNICATA Lamarck. Plate XXIII, fig. 129. (p. 417.) 



Animaux sans Vert., vol. vii, p. 641 ; Say, Journal Acad. Nat. Sciences, Philadel 

 phia, vol. ii, p. 225, 1822; Gould, Invert., ed. i, p. 158, fig. 17; ed. ii, p. 271, 

 fig. 532(?). Patella fornicata Liune&quot;, Syst, Nat., ed. xii, p. 1257. 



Casco Bay, Maine, to Florida, and the northern shores of the Gulf of 

 Mexico. Local north of Massachusetts Bay j in the southern part of 



