358 EEPORT OF COMMISSIONER OF FISH AND FISHERIES. [652] 



states of this variable species are : L. saxatilis Johnson ; Turbo sulcatus Leach ; 

 Turbo jugosus Montagu; L.patula(var.) Jeffreys; L. negleota Bsan ; T. vsntricosns 

 Brown; L. marmorata Pfetffer; Neriia littorea Fabricius (non Linue&quot;) ; L. 

 Gronlandica Moller, Love&quot;n, Morch ; L. rudissima Bean; L. zonaria Bean ; L. 

 ncglecta Bean, etc. 



Great Egg Harbor, New Jersey, northward to the Arctic Ocean ; 

 Greenland ; Iceland ; Spitzbergen. Northern coasts of Europe to Great 

 Britain and Spain. Local south of Long Island Sound ; abundant on 

 all the rocky shores of Southern New England, from New York to Cape 

 Cod, and at the eastern end of Long Island ; local at Great Egg Har 

 bor, among Fucus, on the stones of an old pier. Extremely abundant 

 on all the northern shores of New England and northward. Fossil in 

 the Post-Pliocene of Canada, Great Britain, and Scandinavia. 



LITTORINA PALLIATA. Plate XXIY, fig. 138. (p. 305.) 



Gould, Invert, of Mass., ed. i, p. 260, fig. 167, 1841 ; ed. ii, p. 309, fig. 578. Turbo 

 palliatus Say, op. cit., p. 240, 1822. Littorina neritoidea Dekay, Mollusca New 

 York, p. 105, Plate 6, figs. 109-111 (non Turbo neritoidea Linne). Littorina 

 littoralis Stimpsori, Shells of New England, p. 33, (non Forbes and Hanley ; 

 non Nerita littoralis Linne&quot;). Turbo littoralis Fabricius, Fauna Groenlandica,. p. 

 402, 1780 (non Linne). Littorina arctica Moller, Kroyer s Tidsskrift, vol. 

 iv, p. 82, 1842. (?) Littorina limata Lov&amp;lt;5n, Ofversigt af Kongl. Vet.-Akad. 

 Forhandlingar, vol. iii, p. 154, 1846. Liltorina Peconica S. Smith, Annals 

 Lyceum Nat. Hist., New York, vol. vii, p. 155, 1860. 



Great Egg Harbor, New Jersey, to the Arctic Ocean ; Greenland, 

 Spitzbergen, Einmark, and Norway. Very abundant from New York 

 to Cape Cod and northward, wherever Fad grow on rocks between 

 tides ; local and less abundant south of Long Island Sound. 



Eossil in the Post-Pliocene of Great Britain and Scandinavia. 



Should this species prove to be identical with L. obtusata (Liune, sp.) of 

 Europe, as there is reason to anticipate, its range will be nearly coinci 

 dent with that of L. rudis, with which it is always found associated on 

 our coast. Several writers have already united the two forms, but no 

 satisfactory comparisons of large series of specimens, from many local 

 ities on both coasts, have been made. 



LACUNA VINCTA Turton. Plate XXIY, fig. 139. (p. 305.) 



Gould, Invert., ed. i, p. 262, figs. 169, 178*, 1841 ; ed. ii, p. 302, fig. 573. Turbo 

 vincla Montagu, Test. Brit., p. 307, Plate 20, fig. 3, (t. Gould). Trochus divarica- 

 tus Fabricius, Fauna Gronlandica, p. 392, 1780 (non Linne&quot;). Lacuna divaricata 

 Love&quot;n, op. cit., p. 155, 1846 ; Jeffreys, British Conchology, vol. iii, p. 346. 



According to Jeffreys, the following are among the synonyms or vari 

 eties of this species : Turbo canalis Montagu ; T. quadrifasciata Mont.; 

 Phasianella fasciata, P. bifasciata, P. cornea, and P. striata Brown ; La 

 cuna solidula Loven; L. labiosa Loven ; L.frigida Loven. 



New York to the Arctic Ocean ; Greenland, Iceland, Lapland, Scan 

 dinavia, Great Britain, France; on the Pacific coast of America south 

 ward to Puget Sound. Long Island Sound, common, but rather local ; 

 Watch Hill, Ehode Island, among algae, in 4 to 5 fathoms; Vineyard 



