OF THE STATE OF EUROPE. 431 



disposition severe and sad, rather than manly and 

 grave ; no princely port or behaviour more than a 

 great justicer; inclined to peace, and gathering 

 money. All Tuscany is subject unto him, wherein 

 were divers commonwealths ; whereof the chief were 

 Florence, Siena, and Pisa, Prato, and Pistoia, saving 

 Lucca, and certain forts on the sea-coast, held by 

 the King of Spain. 



He retaineth in his service few, and they stran 

 gers, to whom he giveth pensions. In all his citadels 

 he hath garrison of Spaniards, except at Siena : in 

 housekeeping spendeth little, being as it were in 

 pension, agreeing for so much the year with a 

 citizen of Florence for his diet : he has a small guard 

 of Swissers, and when he rideth abroad a guard of 

 forty light horsemen. The militia of his country 

 amounteth to forty thousand soldiers, to the which 

 he granteth leave to wear their weapons on the holy 

 days., and other immunities. Besides, he enter- 

 taineth certain men of arms, to the which he giveth 

 seven crowns the month. He also maintaineth seven 

 galleys, the which serve under his knights, erected 

 by his father in Pisa, of the order of St. Stephano : 

 of these galleys three go every year in chase. 



His common exercise is in distillations, and in 

 trying of conclusions, the which he doth exercise in 

 a house called Cassino in Florence, where he spendeth 

 the most part of the day ; giving ear in the mean 

 season to matters of affairs, and conferring with his 

 chief officers. His revenues are esteemed to amount 

 to a million and a half of crowns, of the which 



