20 WHEAT 



to three bushels in the other, so far as individual 

 grains are concerned. The standard (and gen- 

 erally legal) weight per bushel (2,150.42 cu. in.) 

 of wheat is sixty pounds. The measured bushel 

 may vary in weight from fifty to sixty-five pounds. 

 The color of the grain varies from light yellow 

 to dark red. Hardness of grain and high nitrogen 

 content are usually associated with a deep red or 

 clear amber color. 



SPECIES AND VARIETIES 



There are seven or eight different species or 

 sub-species of wheat. Only one of these types is 

 generally grown in the United States. This is 

 the common milling wheat of the world, the 

 botanical name of which is Triticum sativum 

 vulgare. It includes practically all of the winter 

 wheat and most of the spring wheat grown in 

 this country. The species Triticum sativum 

 durum, commonly called durum wheat or maca- 

 roni wheat, which is used largely in the manu- 

 facture of macaroni, also succeeds well as a 

 spring wheat in the drier portions of the Dakotas, 

 Nebraska and Kansas. 



There are several divisions of the species 

 Triticum sativum vulgare such as the hard and 

 soft wheat; and either of these may be divided 

 into several groups as red hard wheat, white hard 

 wheat, red soft wheat and white soft wheat. 

 Furthermore, there are bearded and beardless 

 types of each of these groups, and while some 

 varieties have smooth chaff others have a rough 

 or velvety chaff. There are red chaff and white 



