SERIES I. PHJENOGAMIA. 



CLASS I. EXOG-EN^I . 

 SUBCLASS I.-ANaiOSPERM 



SECTION I POLYPETALJE. 



ORDER I. Ranunculacese. Crowfoot-family. 



SYNOPSIS OF THE GENEKA. 



* Caulinc leaves opposite. 



1. CLEMATIS. Petals none. Achenia terminating in long, plumose tails. 



* * Acquiescent. 



3. HEPATICA. Flowers with an involucre of three obtuse leaves resembling 

 a calyx. Sepals petaloid. Petals none. 



7. COI>TIS. Sepals petaloid, white. Petals minute, yellow. 



* * * Caulescent. B'<;t;i!s jioiso. 



2. ANBMOXB. Stem with a whorl of leaves near the middle, forming an in- 

 volucre. Flowers solitary. Ovaries in dense heads. 



4. TIIAIJCTRI/M. Flowers in panicles or umbellate clusters. Leaves com- 

 pound. 



6. CALTHA. Sepals large, yellow. Cauline leaves alternate, simple. 

 **** i'aulesccnt. Petals present^ equal in size. 



5. RAXUNCUUTS. Sepals herbaceous. Petals mostly yellow, with a necta- 

 riferous scale at the base. Ovaries numerous, separate, in dense heads. 



8. A<jim,EGiA. Sepals petaloid. Petals tubular, tapering into long, hollow, 

 nectariferous spurs descending between the sepals. Follicles 5. 



11. ACT.EA. Sepals deciduous, flowers in solitary racemes, petals small, 

 white ; fruit a globose berry. 



12. P^EONIA. Sepals 5, herbaceous, persistent Ovaries 2 5, follicles 

 mostly 2. 



13. NIGELLA. Petals 3-cleft. Follicles 5. Leaves dissected. 



***** Caulescent. Petals and Sepals present, un- 

 equal in size. 



9. DELPHINIUM. Lower sepal spurred at base. Petals 4, 2 upper terminat- 

 ing in a spur inclosed in the calyx spur. 



10. AOONITCTM. Upper sepal largest, vaulted. Petals 5, 3 lower minute ; 

 2 upper terminating in spurs concealed in the vaulted upper sepal. 



1. CLEMATIS. 



Sepals 4 8, colored. Petals none. Anthers linear, extrorse. 

 Achenia terminating in long, plumose tails. Per. 



1. C. Virginiana. Virgin's Bower. 



Stem climbing by its petioles ; leaves ternate, smooth ; leaflets ovate, some- 

 what cordate at base, acuminate, dentate ; flowers in panicles, axillary, often 

 dioecious, white : sepals pubescent ; fruit covered with long hairs, which cause 

 the plant, when in fruit, to appear at a distance as if in bloom. A vine climbing 

 over the bushes, in thickets and low grounds, 10 15 feet long. A tig. 



2. ANEMONE. 



Involucre distant from the flower, composed of 3 incised 

 leaves. Sepals 5 15, petaloid. Ovaries collected into roundish 

 or oval heads. Achenia mucronate. Per. 



1. A. nemerosa. 



Wood Anemone. 



Stem simple, smooth ; leaves ternate; leaflets 3 5-lobed; lobes oblanceo- 

 tate, dentate ; involucre of 3 leaves, on short petioles near the top of the stem ; 

 Bower? fc.'itary, nodding, somewhat campanul&te, white, purplish outside; 



heads of aehenia small, globose. A pretty little plant growing from 3' 6' high, 

 in old woods and thickets. April May. 



2. A. Virginiana. 



Wind-flower. 



Stem pubescent; leaves ternate ; leaflets petiolulate, 2 3-cleft, ovate, dentate, 

 pubescent ; flowers greenish white, with the sepals pubescent beneath, on long 

 peduncles ; heads of fruit J' long, woolly, oblong, cylindrical ; stem 2 3 feet 

 high, with a 3-leavcd involucre, from which arise 2 4 long, pubescent pedun- 

 cles. A coarse-looking plant, very different from the foregoing. Pastures and 

 fields. June July. 



3. HEPATICA. 



Involucre resembling a calyx, very near the flower, composed 

 of 3 ovate, obtuse bracts. Sepals petaloid, 6 9 iu number, ar- 

 ranged in 2 3 rows. Petals none. Achenia awnless. Per. 



1. H. triloba. Heart Liverwort. 



A caulescent; leaves broadly cordate, mostly 3-lobed, with the lobes entire, 

 smooth, evergreen, on long, hairy petioles ; scapes hairy, 1-flowered, flower nod- 

 ding ; involucre resembling a calyx, green, hairy ; sepals varying from a bluish 

 purple to nearly white, scarcely as long as the bracts of the involucre, oblong, 

 obtuse. A beautiful little plant growing on wooded hill-sides, and one of tho 

 earliest to appear in spring, sometimes peeping out before the snow has entirely 

 gone. March April. 



4, THALlCTKUM. 



Sepals 4 5, petaloid, caducous. Petals none. Stamens nu- 

 merous. Carpels 4 15, tipped with the stigma, falcate. Per. 



1. T. dioicum. 



Very smooth ; stem erect ; leaves bi- or triternately decompound ; leaflets 

 rhomboidal, obtuse, 3 5-lobed ; flowers dioecious or polygamous, green, pani- 

 elwl, with a long peduncle ; sepals 5, purplish, obtuse, caducous ; stamens of the 

 barren flowers with long filaments and bright yellow anthers; fertile flowers 

 smaller, with 68 shorter stamens. A branching green herb, of no beauty, 

 found in rocky woods, 1 2 feet high. Aprils-May. 



2. T. Corniiti. Meadow Hue. 



Stem erect, branching, smooth; leaves triternate, sessile ; leaflets rhomboi- 

 dal, 2 3-lobed, mostly smooth ; flowers in large, terminal, compound panicles, 

 whito, small, dioecious or polygamous; sepals white, oblong, caducous; fila- 

 ments somewhat clavato. A tall plant growing in wet meadows, 36 feet high, 

 with very large leaves, and a hollow rounded stem. June July. 



3. T. anemonoides. Rue Anemone. 



Stem low, simple, smooth ; radical leaves biternate, on long petioles ; leaf- 

 lets rhomboidal, 2 3-lobed ; stein leaves 3, ternate, nearly sessile, verticillate, 

 resembling an involucre ; leaflets nearly sessile ; flowers much larger than those 

 of the other species, 36, in a terminal umbel; sepals 610, oval, white, 

 sometimes tinged with purple, not caducous. The root consists of 4 C oblong 



