166 



OKDEB LXIV. COMPOSITE COMPOSITE-FAMILY. 



10, In 2 rows, oblong-lanceolate, at length shorter than the flowers. A roug 

 hairy plant, 2 3 feet high, with a somewhat paniculate corymb. Low groun 

 near the coast Aug. 



3. E. sessilifolium. Sessile-leaved Eupatorium. 



Stem slender, branching above, smooth ; leaves opposite, sessile, ovate-Ian 

 ceolate, or lanceolate, rounded at base, tapering to the extremity, smooth, se 

 rate ; heads white, In compound, pubescent corymbs, about 5-flowered ; scale 

 of the involucre oval, or oblong, obtuse. A slender species, 2 4 feet high, n 

 uncommon in rocky woods. Aug. Sep. 



4. E. pubescens. Hairy Eupatorium. 



Pubescent ; leaves opposite, sessile, ovate, acute, serrately toothed, rough 

 einy, pubescent; heads white, in a fastigiate corymb, 7 8-flowered ; scales o 

 the involucre lanceolate, acute, pubescent A rough species, 8 4 feet high, a 

 uncommon near the coast. Aug. 



5. E. perfoliatum. 



Boneset. 



Stem erect, stout, rough, hairy ; leaves lanceolate, acuminate, connate-per 

 foliate, very pubescent, serrate ; heads white, about 12-flowered, in a flat-toppe< 

 pubescent corymb ; scales of the Involucre linear-lanceolate. A very rough 

 hairy species, universally known and marked by the opposite leaves united a 

 base, so perfectly as to seem but one. Very common in low grounds. Aug. 

 Sep. 



6. E. ageratoides. Nettle-leaved Eupatorium. 



Stem smooth, branching ; leaves broad-ovate, acuminate, sub-cordate a 

 base, coarsely toothed, on long petioles, mostly smooth ; heads white, with 1 

 or more flowers, in compound corymbs ; involucre scales in 1 row. A large 

 leaved species, nearly smooth, with white scentless flowers in clusteis, arrangec 

 in a corymb. Stem 1 i feet high. Eocky woods. Aug. Sep. 



7. E. aromaticum. Aromatic Eupatorium. 



Smooth or somewhat pubescent ; stem nearly simple; leaves ovate, sub 

 cordate at base, on short petioles, opposite, acute, obtusely serrate ; involucre 

 simple, pubescent; heads large, 10 16-flowered, white, aromatic, in smal 

 corymbs. An elegant species, resembling the last, but distinguished by Its 

 short petioles, blunt teeth, and aromatic flowers. Low woods. Aug. Sep. 



3. MIKANIA. 



Involucre about 4-leaved. Heads with about 4 flowers. Re- 

 ceptacle naked. Pappus simple, capillary, roughish. Achenia 

 5-angled. Per. 



1. M. scandens. Climbing Mikania. 



Smooth ; stem climbing ; leaves opposite, cordate, petiolate, repandly den- 

 tate, acuminate ; heads in numerous, axillary, pedunculate corymbs ; flowers 

 pale pink or flesh color. A rather elegant, climbing plant, in wet thickets, with 

 flowers much resembling those of Eupatorium. Not very common. Aug. 

 Sep. 



4 LllTEIS. 



Heads few to many-flowered. Involucres imbricate, with ap- 

 pressed scales. Pappus abundant, more or less plumose. Ache- 

 nia tapering at base, 10-ribbed. Styles much exserted. Per. 



1. L. Scariosa. Blazing Star. 



Stem erect, simple, rough, pubescent ; lower leaves lanceolate, on long peti- 

 oles ; upper ones linear, and smaller ; heads large, purple, 20 40-flowered, in a 

 long, terminal raceme, pedicellate, rather remote ; involucre somewhat hemis- 

 pherical ; scales obovate, very obtuse, with scarious and often purplish tips. 

 A very beautiful plant, 2 4 feet high, in dry sandy soils, but not very common. 

 Distinguished by its long racemea of large purple heads and its numerous, scat- 

 tered, narrow leaves. Aug. Sep. 



5. TUSSILlGO. 



Heads many-flowered. Ray-flowers narrow, in many rows, 

 pistillate. Disk-flowers few, staminate. Involucre mostly simple. 

 Receptacle naked, flat. Pappus capillary. Per. 



1. T. Farfara. Coltsfoot. 



Acaulescent; rhizoma creeping ; leaves large, cordate, angular, toothed, dark 

 green above, and with the petioles, downy beneath ; scapes simple, 1-flowered, 

 scaly, preceding the leaves ; flowers yellow, with numerous, very narrow rays. 

 A low plant found in clayey soils, and producing its flowers in early spring be- 

 fore the leaves. April. 



6. ASTEE. 



Heads many-flowered. Involucre scales generally imbricated 

 often with herbaceous tips. Ray-flowers pistillate, fertile, in a 

 single row. Disk-flowers tubular, perfect. Receptacle flat, al- 

 veolate. Pappus simple, capillary. Achenia usually compressed. 

 Per. 



1. A. corymbosus. 



Corymbed Aster. 



Stem slender, flexuous, smooth, with pubescent branches ; leaves ovate, 

 sharply and irregularly serrate, strongly acuminate, nearly smooth ; lower and 

 radical ones cordate, petiolate ; uppermost ovate-lanceolate, sessile ; petioles 

 naked ; involucre of closely appressed, obtuse scales ; rays 6 9 narrow. A 

 common species, with fiat corymbs of white flowers, of a much slenderer and 

 smoother habit than the next Dry woods and thickets. Aug. 



2. A. macrophyllus. Large-leaved Aster. 



Stem stout, branched, not flexuous ; leaves rough , finely serrate, somewhat 

 acuminate ; lower ones large, cordate, on long petioles; upper ones ovate or ob- 

 long, sessile, or on winged petioles ; heads in large, flat corymbs ; rays 1215, 

 white or bluish ; involucre with oblong, acute scales. A much larger end 

 stouter plant than the last. Stem 12 feet high. Common in woods and thick- 

 ets. Aug. Sep. 



3. A. cordifolius. Heart-leaved Aster. 



Stem erect, mostly smooth, with many divaricate branches above ; leaves 

 cordate, sharply serrate, hairy beneath, acuminate, on slender, somewhat mar- 

 gined and hairy petioles; heads racemed on the branches; rays 10 15, pale 

 blue ; involucre-scales appressed, with short green tips. A common species, 2 

 feet high, in rocky woods, bearing a long compound panicle of numerous, pale 

 blue flowers. 



4. A. undulatus. 



Variable Aster. 



Pubescent and somewhat hairy ; stem erect, panicled above ; lower leaves 

 cordate, somewhat serrate, on winged petioles; npper ones ovate or ovate-lanceo- 

 ate, undulate, or slightly serrate, on short, broadly margined petioles, which are 

 dilated and clasping at base, or sessile, cordate and clamping at base ; all somewhat 

 rough above, pubescent beneath ; heads solitary, in somewhat unilateral ra- 

 cemes, arranged in a terminal panicle ; rays pale blue. A rough species, distin- 

 guished by its variable leaves on the same plant. Common in dry woods and 

 thickets. Aug. Sep. 



5. A. patens. 



Spreading Aster. 



Pubescent and somewhat rough ; stem branching, paniculate above; leaves 

 oblong-ovate, or oblong, sessile, cordate and clasping the stem at base, rough 

 above and on the margin, entire ; heads large, with very showy violet-purple 

 rays, solitary, on leafy branchlets, forming a loose, terminal panicle ; involucre- 



cales lanceolate, with spreading, green tips ; achenia silky. A very common 

 and elegant species, 2 3 feet high, in dry fields and thickets. Distinguished by 



ts conspicuously clasping leaves, which, at a little distance appear perfoliatc. 



n moist grounds the leaves often taper somewhat toward the base. Aug. 



Oct. 



6. A. laevis. 



Smooth Aster. 



Very smooth and often glaucous ; stein angular ; leaves lanceolate, or ovate- 

 mceolate, somewhat fleshy, mostly entire ; the upper ones somewhat cordate, 

 r auriculate at base ; the lower and radical ones tapering to a winged petiole ; 

 nvolucre-scales with broad-linear, appressed, green tips ; heads large, solitary, 

 t the ends of the branchlets, with bright blue, showy rays, forming a terminal 

 anicle. A very beautiful species, 23 feet high, in low grounds. Distinguish- 

 d by its entire smoothness and generally glaucous appearance. Common. 

 ''ep. Nov. 



7. A. puniceus. 



Eough Aster. 



Stem erect, very branching, pubescent, rough, paniculate above ; leaves lan- 

 ;olate, auriculate and clasping at base, slightly serrate, pubescent, rough above, 

 early smooth beneath, acuminate ; heads large, with very numerous and nar- 

 >w, pale-purple rays, showy, forming a very large and leafy panicle ; involu- 

 e-scales narrow-linear, long and revolnte in 2 rows. A showy species, with e 

 nigh stem generally red on one side, and scabrous. Leaves serrate in the mid- 

 le. Swamps and low grounds. Very common. Sep. Oct. 



8. A. Novae Anglige. New England Aster. 



Stem stout, hispid, paniculate above ; leaves lanceolate, entire, acute, aurl 

 ilate and clasping at base, somewhat pubescent, thickly clothing the stem 



