ORDER LXXX. LABIATE LABIATE-FAMILY. 



183 



1. H. pulegioides. 



Pennyroyal. 



Pubescent; stem erect, branching; leaves ovate, or oblong-ovate, few- 

 toothed, on short petioles, smooth above, somewhat rough beneath ; flowers 

 small, pale purple, in axillary whorls; corolla pubescent, scarcely longer than 

 the ciliate calyx. A low, fragrant plant, of great repute in domestic treatment 

 Common in dry, barren fields and pastures. Stem 3' 8' high. July Sept. 



12. MELiSSA. 



Calyx 13-ribbed, flattish above; upper lip 3-toothed; lower 

 lip 2-toothed Corolla bilabiate; tube curved _ backwards and 

 ascending ; tipper lip erect, flattish ; lower lip spreading, 3- 

 lobed ; middle lobe broadest. Stamens ascending. Per. 



1. M. officiualis. Balm. 



Pubescent; stem erect, branching: leaves ovate, acute, coarsely and cre- 

 natcly toothed, rugose ; flowers subsessile in half whorls, white or yellow ; 

 bracts few, ovate-lanceolate, petiolate. A well-known garden plant, 12 ft. 

 high, cultivated for its medicinal properties. Rarely naturalized, June 



Aua. 



13. SCUTELLlRIA. 



Calyx campanulate, bilabiate, gibbous; lips entire; upper 

 sepal arched, closing the lower lip like a lid after flowering. 

 Corolla bilabiate, with the tube elongated, dilated above ; upper 

 lip arched, nearly or quite entire ; lower lip with its middle lobe 

 dilated and convex. Stamens 4, ascending beneath the upper 

 lip. Anthers approximate in pairs, ciliate. Per. 



1. S. galericulata. Common Skullcap. 



Smooth, rarely slightly pubescent; stem simple or slightly branched; leaves 

 all alike, ovate, or ovate-lanceolate, acute, serrate, more or less cordate at base, 

 on very short petioles, almost sessile ; flowers large, axillary, usually solitary ; 

 corolla blue, greatly expanded above. A handsome plant with large blue 

 flowers. Common in swamps and meadows. Stem 1 2 ft high. Aug. 



2. S. lateriflora. Side-flowering Skullcap. 



Smooth ; stem erect, with opposite branches ; leaves ovate-lanceolate, 

 coarsely serrate, acuminate, petiolate ; lower floral leaves resembling the others; 

 upper floral leaves small, resembling bracts; flowers small, in lateral, axillary, 

 leafy, long- peduncled, somewhat one-sided racemes; corolla blue. A smaller 

 and more bushy plant tban the last Common in meadows and low grounds. 

 Stem 10' 18' high. July Aug. 



14. PKUNELLA. 



Calyx tubular-campanulate, about 10-ribbed, bilabiate, closed 

 in fruit ; upper lip broad and flat, with 3 short teeth ; lower with 

 2 lanceolate teeth. Corolla somewhat contracted at the throat, 

 bilabiate ; upper lip vaulted, erect, entire ; lower lip spreading, 

 reflexed, 3-cleft ; middle lobe rounded, concave, finely toothed. 

 Stamens 4, ascending beneath the upper lip. Filaments forked, 

 the lower division bearing the anther. Per. 



1. P. vulgaris. 



Selfheal. 



Stem low, simple, or slightly branched, often decumbent at base, marked 

 with pubescent lines; leaves oblong-ovate, entire, or slightly toothed, petiolate ; 

 flowers in dense, sessile, bracted, 5 6 flowered verticils, forming a dense termi- 

 nal spike ; bracts reniform, 2 to each verticil, membranous, ciliate ; corolla blue 

 or violet of various shades. A common plant, 6' 12' high, in meadows and 

 low grounds. June Aug. 



15. NEPETA. 



Calyx tubular, obliquely 5-toothed. Corolla naked and ex- 

 panded at the throat, bilabiate ; upper lip erect, emarginate ; 

 lower lip spreading, 3-cleft, middle lobe crenate. Stamens 4, as- 

 cending beneath the upper lip, approximate in pairs. Per. 



1. N. Cataria. Catnip. 



Downy; stem tall, erect, branching; leaves cordate, petiolate, crenate, soft 

 and velvety, white-downy beneath ; flowers in slightly pedunculate whorls, ar- 

 ranged in interrupted spikes ; corolla purplish-white, twice as long as the calyx ; 

 lower lip dotted with purple. A naturalized plant, possessing a powerful odor, 

 extremely attractive to cats. Common in waste places. Stem 3 4 ft high. 

 July. 



2. N. Grlechoma. Gill-run-over-tlie-ground. 



Ground Ivy. 



More or less hairy ; stem creeping, rooting at base ; leaves reniform, crenate, 

 pctiolate, glaucous-green ; flowers 35 together, in loose, axillary clusters; co- 



rolla light blue, variegated at the throat, about 3 times as long as the calyx; 

 anther-cells diverging at a right angle, so that the approximate cells of each pair 

 present the appearance of a cross. A creeping, aromatic plant naturalized in 

 waste grounds. Stem 12 ft long. May Aug. 



16. LOPHANTHUS. 



Calyx tubular-campanulate, 1 5-ribbed, oblique, 5-toothed; 

 upper teeth the longest. Corolla bilabiate ; upper lip nearly 

 erect, emarginate ; lower lip somewhat spreading, 3-lobed ; mid- 

 dle lobe crenate. Stamens 4, exsert, diverging. Per. 



1. L. nepetoides. 



Great Hyssop. 



Smooth, or nearly so ; stem square, with acute angles ; leaves ovate, sharply 

 serrate, petiolate; flowers in dense axillary verticils; calyx-teeth ovate, obtus- 

 ish, slightly shorter than the pale, yellowish-green corolla. A tall, green herb, 

 rather common on the borders of woods, in the Middle States and Westward, 

 sometimes found in W. N. Eng. Stem 86 ft. high. July Aug. 



17. PHYSOSTEGIA. 



Calyx campanulate, with 5 nearAy equal teeth, inflated after 

 flowering. Corolla much exserted, with the throat inflated ; upper 

 lip nearly erect, entire ; lower lip spreading, 3-parted ; middle 

 lobe broad and rounded, emarginate. Stamens 4, ascending be- 

 neath the upper lip. Per. 



1. P. Virginiana. Lion's Heart. 



Smooth ; stem erect, thick and rigid ; leaves lanceolate-ovate, varying to 

 linear-lanceolate, sessile, serrate, with remote, shallow teeth, dark green; low- 

 ers large, showy, in dense, terminal, 4-rowed spikes, with subulate bracts ; co- 

 rolla pale purple or flesh-color, spotted inside. A beautiful plant, native in 

 Penn. and the "West, frequent in cultivation. Stem 1 3 ft. high. July. Sep. 



IS. LAMITJM. 



Calyx tubular-campanulate, about 5-ribbed, with 5 nearly 

 equal teeth. Corolla dilated at throat, bilabiate ; upper lip vault- 

 ed, narrowed at base ; lower lip 3-parted ; middle lobe broad, 

 emarginate, contracted at base ; lateral lobes small, attached to 

 the margin of the throat. Stamens 4, ascending beneath the up- 

 per lip. An. 



1. L. ainplexicaiUe. Henbit. 



Stems decumbent at base, several from the same root ; leaves broad, nearly 

 round, hairy ; lower ones small, on long petioles ; cauline ones cordate, doubly 

 crenate, much larger; floral leaves similar, but nearly or quite sessile; flowers 

 in dense verticils, sessile in the axils of the upper leaves ; lower whorls remote . 

 upper ones crowded ; calyx hairy ; corolla light purple, elongated ; upper lip 

 downy; lower lip spotted. A slender plant, 5' 18' high, not uncommon in 

 waste and cultivated grounds. May Oct. 



19. LEONtJKUS. 



Calyx turbinate, 5-rjbbed, with 5 subequal subulate teeth, 

 somewhat spiny when old. Corolla bilabiate ; upper lip erect, 

 oblong, entire, hairy ; lower lip 3-lobed, spreading ; middle lobe 

 obcordate. Stamens 4, ascending beneath the upper lip. Per. 



1. L. Cardiaca. Motherwort. 



Pubescent ; stem erect, branching, often purplish ; leaves on long petioles ; 

 lower ones rounded at base, palmately lobed ; floral leaves trifld, cuneiform at 

 base, with lanceolate lobes ; all variously toothed and arranged in 4 rows on the 

 stem ; flowers in dense, axillary whorls ; corolla purplish, hairy outside, varie- 

 gated inside ; the tube longer than the calyx, with a hairy ring within. A tall 

 weed, 3 5 ft high, common around rubbish and in waste places. July Sep. 



20. GALEtiPSIS. 



Calyx tubular-campanulate, 5-ribbed, with 5 subequal, spines- 

 cent teeth. Corolla bilabiate, dilated at the throat; upper lip 

 ovate, arched, mostly entire ; lower lip 3-cleft, spreading ; middle 

 lobe obcordate, toothed and crenate ; the palate with 2 teeth on 

 the xvpper side. Stamens 4, ascending beneath the upper lip. An. 



1. G-. Tetrahit. 



Hemp Nettle. 



Stem hispid, swollen below the joints; leaves ovate, coarsely serrate, hispid, 

 acute ; flowers in dense, axillary verticils ; corolla purple, variegated with white, 

 23 times as long as the calyx. A weed in waste places, common in some dis 

 tricts. Stem 12 ft. high. June July. 



21. STACHYS. 

 Calyx tubular-campanulate, angular, 5 10 ribbed, 5-toothed ; 



