206 



ORDER CXXXII. LILIACE.E LILY-TRIBE. 



S. Stem leafy. 



* Peduncles 1 -flowered, erect; or 1 5-f lowered and 

 nodding' or recurved. 



2. LiLiirM. Stem arising from a bulb. Flowers terminal, very large, with 6 

 distinct, spreading or recurved sepals, on erect or recurved peduncles. 



16. ASPABAGUS. Stem arising from a bulb. Perianth 6-parted, erect, 

 spreading above. Fruit a globular, 3-celled berry. Herbs with very branching 

 stems and setaceous leaves. 



3. FKITILLARIA. Stem arising from a bulb. Peduncles 1-flowered, axillary. 

 Perianth large, campanulate. Fruit a 3-angled capsule. 



13. PoLYGONATtrM. Rhizoma creeping. Peduncles axillary, 1 5-flowered. 

 Perianth small, tubular. Fruit a globular berry. 



14. UVULARIA. Peduncles terminating the branches. Anthers linear. 

 Capsule 3-angled. 



15. STEEPTOPTTS. Peduncles terminating the branches. Anthers sagittate. 



* * Peduncles erect, maiiy-f lowered. 

 7. ALLHIM. Flowers in dense, globose umbels. 



12. SiiiLAciNA. Flowers in simple or compound, corymbose racemes. 

 Perianth deeply 4 6-parted, with spreading segments. 



1. 



Perianth campanulate ; 



TtTLIPA. 

 segments 6. 



Stamens 6, short, subu- 



late. Anthers 4-angled. Stigmas thick. Capsule oblong, 3- 

 angled. 



1. T. Gesneriana. Tulip. 



Scape smooth, 1-flowered; leaves radical, ovate-lanceolate; flowers erect; 

 segments of the perianth obtuse, smooth. A very common and universally 

 admired exotic bulb. The varieties in the color and form of the flowers are 

 almost endless. They are yellow, red, purple, white, or variegated with several 

 or all of these colors. May June. 



2. LlLIUM. 



Perianth campanulate or somewhat funnel-form ; segments 6, 

 distinct, each with a honey-bearing furrow near the base. 

 Stamens 6. Anthers linear. Style longer than the stamens. 

 Capsule oblong, somewhat 3-angled. Seeds flat. 



1. L. Canadense. Yellow Lily. 



Leaves in several remote whorls of 36, lanceolate, 8-nerved, rough on the 

 margins and nerves ; flowers nodding, campanulate, few, yellow, often tinged 

 with scarlet, spotted with purple inside, on long peduncles ; sepals sessile, revo- 

 lute from the middle. A very handsome Lily, common in wet meadows. 

 Stem 23 ft. high. June July. 



2. L. Philadelphicum. 



Red Lily. 



Leaves linear-lanceolate, acute; lower ones usually scattered; upper ones 

 verticillate in several whorls of 5 7 ; flowers 1 4, campanulate, erect, ver- 

 milion red, spotted inside; sepals lanceolate, erect, tapering to a claw at base. 

 An elegant species, distinguished by its erect, red flowers. Common in dry 

 thickets and shrubby pastures. 



3. L. candidum. White Lily. 



Stem erect, thick; leaves scattered, lanceolate, tapering at base; flowers 

 large, campanulate, snow-white, in a terminal umbel, very fragrant, smooth in- 

 side. A common and favorite plant in gardens, often 34 ft high. July. 



4. L. bulbiferum. 



Bulb-bearing Lily. 



Stem leafy, bulb-bearing; leaves scattered, 3-veined, narrowly lanceolate; 

 flowers large, campanulate, nearly or quite erect, rough within, and of a deep 

 orange. A showy garden species, with brownish bulbs in the axils of the 

 leaves. Stem 85 ft. high. July. 



5. L. tigrinum. 



Tiger Lily. 



Stem tall, bulb-bearing ; leaves scattered, 3-veined, lanceolate ; upper ones 

 ovate, cordate at base ; flowers large, dark orange, spotted with brownish-purple, 

 in a pyramidal raceme ; segments of the perianth re volute, covered with glandu- 

 lar projections on the inside. A tall, showy species, common in gardens. Stem 

 56 ft. high, having brownish bulbs In the axils of the leaves. July Aug. 



3. FRITTILLARIA. 



Perianth campanulate ; segments 6, broad at base, with a 

 honey-bearing cavity just above the claw. Stamens 6, as long as 

 the petals. 



1. F. imperialis. Crown-imperial. 



Stem thick, leafy below, naked above ; leaves mostly linear-lanceolate, long 

 and narrow, entire ; flowers large, nodding, pedicellate, in a terminal cluster ; 

 pedicels each furnished with a pair of small, narrow leaves, which, together, 



form a sort of terminal crown, beneath which the flowers hang. A very show} 

 early -flowering plant, common in gardens. The flowers vary from red to yel- 

 low. Stem 23 ft high. AprilMay. 



4. ERYTIIR6NIUM. 



Perianth campanulate ; segments 6, distinct, recurved, deci- 

 duous, the 3 inner usually with a groove in the middle of the 

 base, and a tubercle each side of it. Filaments 6, subulate. Style 

 elongated. Capsule obovate, 3-valved. Seeds ovate. 



1. E. Americanum. Dog-tooth Violet. 



Nearly stemlcss; scape about 2-leaved near the base, 1-flowered; leaves 

 oval-lanceolate or lanceolate, green, spotted with brownish-purple, nearly equal 

 in length, but usually quite unequal in width ; flower nodding, pale yellow, 

 spotted at base inside; style clavate ; stigma undivided. An elegant little 

 spring-flower, common on rich hill-sides and in thickets, well distinguished by 

 its brown spotted leaves. Scape 3' 6' high. May. 



5. IIEMEROCALLIS. 



Perianth funnel-form ; tube short ; limb spreading, 6-parted. 

 Stamens 6, inserted at the throat. Filaments declinate, long and 

 filiform. Style long and filiform, declinate. Stigma simple. 

 Acaulescent. 



1. H. fulva. 



Day Lily. 



Scape erect, smooth, corymbosely branching above; leaves long-linear, cari- 

 nate, in large radical tufts ; flowers large, erect, bracted, of a tawny red on the 

 inside, in a sort of terminal corymb, expanding singly in succession ; outer se- 

 pals with branching veins, inner wavy, obtuse. A very showy flower, commoi^ 

 in gardens, from which it has sometimes strayed. Scape 2 4 ft. high. Leaves 

 10' 18' long. July. 



2. H. flava. 



Yellow Day Lily. 



Scape erect, branching above; leaves broad-linear, carinate, in radical tufts; 

 flowers light-yellow, smaller than in the last, expanding singly in succession ; 

 segments of the perianth with undivided veins ; inner ones flat, not wavy, acute. 

 A smaller species than the last, not so frequent in cultivation, and distinguished 

 by the much smaller yellow flowers. Scape 10' 18' high. July. 



6. POLYlNTHES. 



Perianth funnel-form, incurved ; segments 6 ; filaments insert- 

 ed at the throat ; ovary at the bottom of the tube. 



\. P. tuberosa. Tuberose. 



Acaulescent ; scape scaly, branching above ; leaves linear-lanceolate ; flow- 

 ers numerous, large, white, fragrant ; petals oblong. A splendid plant, com- 

 mon in house cultivation. Scape 23 ft high, arising from a bulb which is 

 furnished with tuberous rootlets. Aug. Sep. 



7. iLLIUM. 



Flowers in an umbel, with a 1 2-leaved spathe at base. 

 Perianth of 6 sepals, which are distinct, or united at base, 1-nerv- 

 ed, mostly persistent. Stamens 6. Style filiform. Stigma acute, 

 simple. Capsule 3-lobed, 3-valved. Seeds black, ovate-reniform. 



1. A. Canadense. Wild Garlic. 



Scape round, leafy at base ; leaves narrow-linear, smooth, nearly flat ; umbel 

 consisting mostly of dense, sessile little bulbs, among which are scattered small, 

 white, or pale rose-colored flowers, on slender pedicels ; bulbs bracted at base. 

 Common in wet meadows. Scape 10' 15' high. June. 



2. A. vineale. 



Crow Garlic. 



Stem slender, with a few leaves below ; leaves round, hollow, and channel- 

 led above; umbel often bearing sessile bulbs, as in the last; flowers pedicellate, 

 numerous, rose-color and green ; stamens exsert, alternate ; filaments 3-oleft, 

 the middle segment bearing the anther. A foreign species, naturalized abun- 

 dantly near the coast in some districts. Scape 12 ft high. June July. 



3. A. tricoccum. Wild Leek. 



Scape naked ; leaves oval-lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, flat, thin, smooth, 

 tapering to a petiole, withering before the appearance of the flowers ; umbel 

 not bulb-bearing, many-flowered, globose ; flowers white ; filaments undivided ; 

 pod deeply 8-lobed. A strong-scented species, common in damp, rich woods, 

 and distinguished, when not in flower, by its broad-lanceolate leaves, and when 

 in blossom by the globose, many-flowered umbels. Scapo S' 15' high. June 

 July. 



