INTRODUCTION. 



THE rapid development of the science of Geology has 

 in Europe, within the last few years, called to its aid the 

 attention and exercise of the highest talent. In this coun 

 try, we have been making a regular, though not so rapid a 

 progress, in the knowledge of our widely extended and 

 interesting deposits ; and it is to be regretted, that our inves 

 tigations have not yet been sufficiently extended to enable 

 us to institute, in all the strata, such comparisons as would 

 allow us to decide, with precision, as to their equivalents 

 in Europe. This can only be done w T ith success, after the 

 fossil conchologist shall have developed a large portion of 

 the genera and species of our different masses. 



Until recently, it was considered, that a single cataclysm 

 had left behind its desolating sweep, all the organic re 

 mains inhumed within the bowels of the earth. The obser 

 vations of recent philosophers, more exact, prove to us, be 

 yond contradiction, &quot; that the earth s surface has been, and 

 still is, subject to incessant fluctuation and movements.&quot;* 



If we turn our attention to the examination of the ear 

 liest period where organized matter has been discovered (in 

 the lowest Fossiliferous group of De la Beche), we find the 

 indications of animal life extremely rare, and we may con 

 clude that the change from the crystalline rocksf to that 



* Geology of the South of England, by G. Mantell, p. xiv. of Intro 

 duction. 



I This class of rocks so well known under the name of Primitive rocks, 



