NELSON] DRILL -CAPS 83 



Figure 30, from St Lawrence islaud, is a piece of walrus tusk, about 

 five inches in length, roughly oblong in shape, with a conical depression 

 in one side for receiving the top of the shaft. 



Figure 29, from the same locality, is another rough piece of walrus 

 tusk, made with a conical depression in each side for receiving the top 

 of the shaft. These two are. the rudest implements of this description 

 that were obtained. 



Figure 27 is a cap having the wood rudely carved into the form of a 

 seal, with a square hole through the tail, in which the drill cord can be 

 tied when not in use. This specimen is from the Kuskokwiin. 



Figure 22, from Norton sound, is a cap with an oval piece of white 

 quartz set in the lower side and the wooden portion carved in the form 

 of a wolf fish. 



Figure 28, from Cape Nome, has a square piece of grayish-white 

 stone set in its lower surface, and the two long arms, one at each end, 

 are carved to represent the heads of white bears. This drill cap is 

 intended to be used either singly, with the crossbar mouthpiece, or by 

 grasping the ends with the hands. Figure 27, from the Kuskokwim, 

 is a similar cap, having inserted a piece of stone, mottled green, black, 

 and white in color. 



Figure 23, from Agiukchugumut, is made in the form of a seal, with 

 a hard, milky white, Hat stone set in its lower surface. 



Figure 25, obtained on Nunivak island by Dr W. H. Ball, is made 

 from an oval piece of white quartz with a conical depression in its lower 

 surface. A groove extends around the side, in which is fastened a raw 

 hide cord with a loop at one end to which the drill cord can be fastened. 



Figure 24, from Sabotnisky, is a long, oval, green and black stone, 

 having the usual conical pit in one side; this, like the preceding, is 

 made for holding in one hand. 



Figure 26, from Cape Nome, is a long, rather slender cap or handle 

 of wood, having a small, square piece of stone set in its lower surface 

 and provided with a projecting block on its upper side for grasping 

 with the teeth; it is carved at each end to represent a wolf s head, and 

 is intended for use with either a large or a small drill. A cap obtained 

 at Cape Darby is also made to serve for both kinds of drills. 



The caps to be used exclusively with the small drills, worked with a 

 bow, are always provided with a projecting block on the upper sur 

 face for grasping with the teeth, and are much more elaborately made 

 than are those used with the larger drills. They are commonly some 

 what crescentic in form, and have a piece of stone or lead set in the con 

 vex lower surface; where stone is used it is cut usually into a square or 

 rounded outline and is neatly inlaid. Two specimens, however, are of 

 walrus ivory and are without any stone setting, the conical depression 

 being made directly in the material of the cap. Of these, figure 10 is 

 from Cape Nome and figure 17 from the Diomede islands. 



Figure 11, from the lower Yukon, has a crescentic outline and is 

 carved on the convex surface at one end to represent a human face and 



