NELSON] SKIN-DRESSING TOOLS 113 



hard, green schistose ground to a crescentic edge, fitted to a wooden 

 handle eleven inches in length, which extends downward, overlapping 

 about one-half the length of the blade, and held in place by a rawhide 

 lashing which is prevented from slipping by a ridge along the lower 

 edge of the wood. The upper part of the handle is bent downward 

 for convenience in grasping. 



Plate XLIX, 19, from the lower Yukon, is a slate scraper similar in 

 design to the last, with a wooden handle attached by a lashing of 

 spruce root, the upper part bent downward nearly to a right angle. 



Plate XLIX, 20, from Nubviukhchugaluk, is a scraper consisting of a 

 chisel-shape blade inserted in a broad wooden handle which overlaps 

 the upper part and is held in position by a lashing of spruce root. On 

 the upper surface of the handle is a groove to receive the forefinger, 

 on the inner side is another groove to receive the thumb, and two 

 grooves on the under surface of the downward-turned end of the handle 

 admit the remaining three fingers. 



Plate XLIX, 15, from the lower Yukon, is a short scraper with a 

 wooden handle curved downward to a pistol-like grip, and a heavy 

 blade of black chert ground to a chisel-shape edge, fitted to the handle 

 with an intervening pad of grass. The blade is held in position by 

 means of a strong lashing of spruce root. 



Plate XLIX, 12, from the lower Yukon, has a broad, flattened blade of 

 slate, chisel-shape at the edge, with an overlapping wooden handle 

 held in place by a spruce-root lashing. The handle is bent downward 

 to form the grip. 



Plate XLIX, 18, from Norton sound, has a large, slate blade with a 

 rounded, chisel-shape edge. It is fitted into a groove in the wooden 

 handle, which is held securely in place by a rawhide lashing. The 

 handle is broad near the blade and narrows gradually to a rounded 

 grip, which is bent abruptly downward; a groove extends along the 

 upper surface, and others, on two sides, below the grip, form a rest for 

 the forefinger and the thumb. 



Plate XLIX, 10, from Sledge island, has a flat blade of slate with a 

 rounded edge fitted against a shoulder on the lower surface of the 

 overlapping wooden handle, which has a projecting spur just above the 

 grip, intended to rest between the thumb and the forefinger when the 

 implement is in use. 



Plate XLIX, 13, from Cape Prince of Wales, is a small scraper with a 

 flat, chisel-like blade of black slate, held in position against the short 

 oval wooden handle by a rawhide cord. Another scraper from Cape 

 Prince of Wales (number 43405) consists of a rudely chipped flint blade, 

 fitted into a mortise in the rough wooden handle and secured by a 

 lashing of sinew. The upper end of the handle is bent downward and 

 has two grooves on the lower surface to receive the second and third 

 fingers. 



Plate XLIX, 11, from Sledge island, has a thin, chisel-shape blade of 

 18 ETH 8 



