NELSON] MASKS 407 



mouth and the other just above the top of the face. Ou the opposite 

 side are two slightly curved pieces of wood of the same size as the legs 

 and fastened to the mask in a similar manner. Each of these pieces 

 has five small, cylindrical sticks an inch and a half long fastened along 

 its lower border by sinew cords. Above these, on the sides of the 

 tapering summit of the mask, are two quills with downy feathers at 

 their tips, and the extreme summit has inserted in it a white swan 

 feather. The face of this mask is very grotesque, one eye being round 

 and nearly in the middle of the upper portion, to the left of which is a 

 crescentic eye over two inches in length, the points of the crescent 

 being toward the center of the face. Between these eyes the ridge of 

 the nose is represented as having a curve similar to the outer border 

 of the crescentic eye, and the nostrils are placed vertically one above 

 the other. The mouth is crescent-shape and twisted around under the 

 large round eye, and in its left corner is a round opening. The teeth 

 are represented by squared, wooden pegs, and the mouth and eyes are 

 pierced through the mask. The face is white, splashed about the mouth 

 with some dark liquid, apparently blood. The two legs, as well as the 

 opposite attachments, are red, as is also a narrow border and the long, 

 pointed extension above the face. The cylindrical pendants are white, 

 and the projection above the face is painted black, with large white 

 spots. This mask represents the features of a tunglia~k. 



Figure 1, plate ci, from south of the lower Yukon, is 12 by 6 inches, 

 and represents a salmon. It is a llat, oval mask, having the head 

 carved from a separate piece and fitted to the front end by a wooden 

 peg. At the other end the tail is represented by two loose pieces on 

 each side, fastened to the mask by pegs. Beneath the throat of the 

 salmon is the wooden effigy of a hair seal, represented as swimming 

 crosswise to the course of the salmon, and fastened in position by a 

 peg. On the back, in front of the tail, is a small model of a kaiak, 

 held upright and crosswise to the length of the fish by a small splint; 

 at one time the kaiak evidently bore the image of a man seated in the 

 manhole. 



On each side of the salmon s body are broad, thin, paddle-shape 

 pieces of wood, fastened with pegs, to represent the pectoral fins. 

 Just behind these, and near the tail, on each side, is the flat, wooden 

 image of a small salmon, the mouth, eyes, and gill openings of which 

 are represented by incised lines. Just below the junction of the sal 

 mon s neck with the body are incised lines which represent a large 

 mouth with teeth ; in the rear of this, on each side, is a large eye cut 

 in relief. The entire back of the fish is occupied by a semihuman face, 

 having a remarkable V-shape mouth, with the corners turned up and the 

 teeth cut in relief; two oval nostrils and the eyes are pierced through 

 the wood. The outline of the mouth and the gill openings of the sal 

 mon s head, also of the mouth below the salmon s neck and the outlines 

 of the mouth and teeth in the face on the back, are red; and a baud 



