CONTENTS x jjj 



and their classification.- Rational power is self-critical. Re- P U E 

 sponsibility for our thoughts. Experimental psychology deals 

 with the mechanism of thought, explaining only organic 

 processes which are the expression of thought, feeling,&quot; and 

 purpose. It cannot explain the thought-process itself. All 

 that is carried into the physiological laboratory belongs to the 

 physics of thought and action. -Observing, interpreting, self- 

 correcting, classifying, belong exclusively to Mind. Knowledge 

 is the interpretation of individual experience. -Our treatment 

 of the problems of existence lies quite beyond the functions of 

 the sensori-motor system, and the action of nerve centres. 

 Each intelligent being is a freeman who takes possession of his 

 own inheritance in the earth. -What he is, he is as a thinker, 

 who must think for himself. -Testimony of thinkers of opposite 

 schools, for a twofold life, physical and rational. G. H. Lewes 

 Helmholtz, Herbert Spencer, Hallam.-All rational exercise 

 involves consciousness, and responsibility for self-directed 

 thought, and for self-regulated action. -Inadequacy of mole 

 cular processes as an explanation of reflection. -The Mind 

 cannot think without knowledge of itself, and of its own pro- 

 * dure - 122-144 



CHAPTER VII 

 ANIMAL AND RATIONAL INTELLIGENCE 



FACTS as to animal intelligence should be taken at their highest 

 value, in support of evolution. - Wallace s summary of 

 Darwin s conclusions. -Knowledge of animal intelligence is in- 

 direct. -Interpretation of sensory impression is the mark ol 

 intelligence.-The appearance of this power involves the theory 

 of evolution in difficulty. -The higher mammalia possess intelli 

 gence. -How shall we account for its origin? The dog, horse, 

 monkey, and ape are included. -Generalised knowledge is un- 

 attained by animal intelligence. -Two types of Mind, a lower 

 and a higher. -Interpretation of sensory impression cannot be 

 attributed to animals low in the scale of organism. Yet many of 

 these have sensory apparatus quite in advance of the higher 

 mammalia. Darwin does not consistently restrict to the 



