SENSORY AND RATIONAL DISCRIMINATION 133 



are additional phenomena of organic action, allied 

 with the facts of consciousness. This set includes a 

 section of the field of experimental psychology/ and 

 warrants the title. Only in connection with human 

 organism can physical relations to phenomena of 

 consciousness be studied. And there is this further 

 and quite unique condition of inquiry, that observa 

 tion dealing with the relations of consciousness to 

 organism is restricted to the experience of the 

 individual observer. The limits of electric excitation 

 of organism mark sharply the line beyond which 

 every experimenter must depend upon his own ex 

 perience. Phenomena of consciousness cannot be in 

 cluded within the science of organic life. 



Let us remark the precise measure of value be 

 longing to experimental psychology, judged by its 

 best work. The area of its simplest work is restricted 

 to organism, dealing wholly \vith reflex action, depend 

 ing on the one side on sensory apparatus; on the 

 other side, on motor apparatus. When a sensory 

 nerve has been stimulated, a motor nerve acts in con 

 sequence. The later stimulation is the response to the 

 earlier. Here measurements of time and of force are 

 possible by aid of suitable instruments. As by 

 observation of the interval between sight of the flash 

 of light when a cannon has been fired, and the hearing 

 of the atmospheric effect, we can measure the rate at 

 which sound travels, so with reflex action in organism. 

 If we would irieas&quot;rr&amp;gt; the effects of the prick of a 

 needle, we must mark the relation of contact with 

 the muscular response. The chronograph can render 

 visible aid here. Still more readily can the myograph 

 aid us in measurement of the contraction and ex- 



