282 EVOLUTION AND MAN S PLACE IN NATURE 



as non-essential to the mind. This supplies the first 

 key to the world-wide belief in a future state. Moral 

 conditions supply a second. Yet, is the unity in 

 duality so complete, that human life is never to be 

 interpreted, can never have its actions fairly judged, 

 can never have its potentiality truly measured, except 

 on its admission. There is a double life in one : there 

 is unity in the double life. A biological representa 

 tion of man is impossible. There are two distinct 

 natures, subject respectively to laws of quite different 

 order. These two, organic and spiritual, are capable 

 of being unified only by the governing power of 

 thought, never by the mere energy coming from 

 organism. Those who represent body and mind as 

 only two sides of the same thing, see only what 

 biology presents to view, organism, its laws and func 

 tions. From this point, the other side cannot be seen. 

 It does not come into view any more than the other 

 side of the hill does, to the man who looks upon it 

 from the plain. The advantage to the tourist is that he 

 can climb to the summit, and thence see the other side. 

 But it is otherwise with those who regard man only 

 from the side of organism. There is no summit with 

 in reach, and no way through. As we have seen, in 

 the hopelessness of the attempt to pass from nerve- 

 action to consciousness, the dualism in our nature 

 is made conspicuous in ordinary experience. What 

 has been seen, on the one hand, as to the discontinuous 

 in the action of physical sensibilities, the terminus ad 

 quern of molecular movement, and its insufficiency to 

 produce, or explain, thought, is a view of organic life. 

 What has been seen, on the other, as to the action 

 of intelligence, in directing its own reflective 



