COLUMBIAN HISTORICAL EXPOSITION AT MADRID. 



121 



Knives and flakes. These are of silicified wood from California. In form they 

 resemble Mousterien points. Traces of bitumen on the base show their attach 

 ment to handles, while their general form indicates their use as knives. Many 

 specimens have been thus marked, and they assist in determining the use of leaf- 

 shaped and similar blades, so common throughout prehistoric times. 



CALUMET PIPE. 



Chlorite (owl), Tennessee. 



Leaf-shaped blades of black flint. These are beautiful specimens of aboriginal flint 

 chipping. The largest specimen here is 240 mm. long, 125 mm. wide, and 1 mm. 

 thick. They have been found with traces of bitumen or asphaltuui for the attach- 



Fig. 41. 



CALUMET PIPE. 



Chlorite (-owl), Kentucky. 



ment of handles. They are peculiar to the Pacific coast of southern California. 

 In the classification of arrow and spear heads, theae are Class C of the leaf- 

 shaped implements. 







