158 COLUMBIAN HISTORICAL EXPOSITION AT MADRID. 



Adze. A stone head inserted in a ring of stag s horn, which is attached to a wooden 

 handle hy a hide strap passing through the holes in the head and handle. The 

 handle is painted red and blue. Length of the handle, 14 inches; length of the 

 head, 1 inches. Eskimo of Norton Sound, Alaska, 1877. 33082. Collected by 

 E. W. Nelson. 



Adze. An iron head inserted in a bone ring, which is fastened to a wooden handle 

 by a hide strap passing through holes in the head and handle. Length of the 

 handle, 10 inches; width of the head, -J inch. Eskimo of Point Barrow, Alaska, 

 1883. 89871. Collected by Lieut. P. H. Ray, U. S. N. 



Adze. Head of nephritic stone, inserted in a small ring of stag s horn, which is 

 fastened to the curved end of a wooden handle. Length of the handle, 13 

 inches; length of the head, 2 inches. Eskimo of Norton Sound, Alaska, 1878. 

 33083. Collected by E. W. Nelson. 



Bark strippers (3). Made of deer-rib bone, having one of the ends cut in the shape 

 of a pickax. This implement is used for removing the bark from the cedars. 

 Length, 9|, 10, and 12 inches. Haida Indians (Skittagetan stock), Queen Char 

 lotte Islands, British Columbia. 88922. Collected by James G. Swan. 



Bark stripper. Made of deer-rib bone, with one end cut in the shape of a pickax. 

 The other end serves as a handle and is wrapped in spruce-pine root. This 

 implement is used for removing the bark from the cedars. Length, 9 inches. 

 Haida Indians (Skittagetan stock), British Columbia. 88897. Collected by 

 James G. Swan. 



Bark stripper. Made of elk horn. It has both ends sharpened. Length, 17| inches; 

 width, If inches. Lummi Indians (Salishan stock), Lummi Reservation, Wash 

 ington, 1875. 130978. Collected by E. C. Chirouse. 



Bark beater. Made of an oblong piece of wood, one of the ends of which is cut in the 

 shape of a beak and the other is rounded to serve as a handle, having a long, 

 narrow hole in it, enabling the workman to grasp it more firmly while at work. 

 It is used for pounding the bark of the cedars and all kinds of textile materials. 

 Length, 14 inches; width, 3 inches. Lummi Indians (Salishan stock) ; Lummi 

 Reservation, Washington, 1875. 130979. Collected by E. C. Chirouse. 



Prepared cedar bark. Inside bark of the yellow cedar. It is used for making clothes, 

 blankets, thread, etc. Sheets of the same bark used for covering the roofs and 

 sides of houses. Indians of Vancouver Island, British Columbia, 1888. 129986. 

 Collected by James G. Swan. 



Wedge. Made of elk bone. It is used for splitting wood. With this kind of wedge 

 the Indians of the northwest coast can easily split boards of all sizes from any 

 sort of tree. Length, 11^ inches; width, 3 inches. Clallam Indians (Salishan 

 stock), Washington. 20899. Collected by James G. Swan. 



Wedge. Made of wood. Used in the primitive method of splitting, to make thwarts 

 in building boats. Length, 11 inches ; width, 3 inches. Otoe Indians ( Algonkian 

 stock), Nebraska. 22415. Collected by J. W. Griest. 



Wedge. Mode of fir or yew. The upper part is covered with network of thick cord 

 made of cedar root. It is used for splintering. Length, 25 inches; width, 2 

 inches. Maka Indians (Wakashau stock), Neah Bay, Washington, 1884. 74780. 

 Collected by James G. Swan. 



CASE VI. 



Dance figures. Representing dancers in dancing dress. These images are prepared 

 before the dance, and are afterwards given to the children as playthings. Zuni 

 Indians, New Mexico. 9567, 22935, 22936, 61198, 68069. Collected by James 

 Stevenson. 



Dance figures. Zuui Indians, New Mexico. 22930. Collected by James Stevenson. 



Dance figures. Zmii Indians, New Mexico. 54206, 69084, 69096, 22931, 84208. Col 

 lected by James Stevenson. 



