COLUMBIAN HISTORICAL EXPOSITION AT MADRID. 183 



Gatherers of cactus fruit. Nippers, hooka, holders, and cutters for gathering the 



fruit of the cactus (chumbo tig). Indians of Arizona, New Mexico, and Mexico. 



9971, 22535, and 126577. Collected by James Stevenson and Edward Palmer. 

 Hoes of mussel shells. These primitive agricultural implements were found in the 



hands of a band of Yacqui Indians, at the mouth of the Yacqui River, in Sonora, 



Mexico. 129845. Collected by Edward Palmer. 



EXHIBIT OUTSIDE OF THE CASES. 



Kiowa Indian woman (figure of a woman). Algoukian stock. Oklahoma, Indian Ter 

 ritory Modeled by Theodore A. Mills. The dress was collected by James 

 Mooney 



Kiowa Indian warrior (figure of a man). Algonkian stock. Oklahoma, Indian Terri 

 tory. Modeled by Theodore A. Mills. The dress was collected by James Mooney. 



Sioux Indian woman (female figure). Siouan stock. Missouri River. Modeled by 

 U- S- G.Dunbar. 



Sioux Indian warrior (male figure). Siouan stock. Missouri River. Modeled by 

 Theodore A. Mills. The dress belonged to Red Cloud, a celebrated chief, and was 

 collected by Lieut G. A. Warren, U. S. N. 



Zuni Indian (male figure). Zufiian stock. New Mexico. The head was modeled from 

 life by Clark Mills. The dress was collected by James Stevenson. 



Eskimo man. Reindeer coat and pants, trimmed with white skins. Seal skin boots 

 and bearskin gloves. Eskimo (Eskimauau stock), Prince William s Land. Col 

 lected by Capt. C. F. Hall. 



Photographs of Indians. Representing 85 different tribes of the majority of the 

 stocks still in existence. This magnificent series of 1,300 photographs is the 

 result of the work of many years of collection by the United States Geological 

 Survey and Bureau of Ethnology, and supplements, with the aid of the photogra 

 phy, the famous galleries of Indian portraits, painted by George Catliu and 

 Stanley. A portion of this collection forms a section in the Northeast Saloon. 

 Exhibited by tha Bureau of Ethnology of the Smithsonian Institution. 



Lithographs of celebrated Indians. This series of 130 lithographs is taken from 

 MacKenney and Hall s Indian Tribes. These pictures form a section in the large 

 saloon. Exhibited by the National Museum. 



Reed wigwam. These wigwams are constructed by erecting a number of uprights in 

 a circle, and inclining them until they meet at the extremities, which are fastened 

 together by strong ligatures of bark fiber. Above the uprights are placed many 

 horizontal layers of small saplings, which are covered with rushes attached to 

 other layers of saplings smaller than the first, and which are tied together by 

 cords on the inside. The horizontal layers leave an opening between two 

 uprights, which serves as an entrance, and which is closed by a door of elk hide. 

 The chimney is constructed in such a way that the wind can not drive back the 

 smoke. The fireplace is in the center and the beds are around the sides of the 

 wigwam upon an earthen bank. Piute Indians, Nevada. 19027. Collected by 

 Stephen Powers. 



Eskimo seal hunter in his skin boat. The boat (kyak) is built with great care. The 

 frame is of wood, over which is stretched a seal skin saturated with oil. There 

 is a hollow space in the deck, with a raised border, and in this the hunter seats 

 himself, dressed in an inner coat of skins and an outer one made of th&amp;lt;} intes 

 tines of the walrus, thoroughly waterproof, and carrying a short paddle. As a 

 projectile, he has a harpoon, with the shafts used in hurling it, cord, and buoy, 

 which he keeps fastened to the boat until the moment arrives when he has to 

 make use of them. This &quot;kyak&quot; is an extremely unsteady and light boat, but 

 the Eskimo is capable of undertaking any navigation whatever when embarked 

 in it. Eskimo of St. Michaels, Norton Sound, Alaska. Collected by E. W. Nelson. 



