184 COLUMBIAN HISTORICAL EXPOSITION AT MADRID. 



Canoe of birch bark, Manned by two Algonkian Indians, occupied in fishing with the 

 harpoon. They wear dresses of buckskin, with painted figures imitating 

 embroidery. In fishing with the harpoon it is necessary that a fisherman should 

 guide the canoe in accordance with the orders of the one who handles the har 

 poon. The canoe ia made of a large piece of birch bark, attached to a wooden 

 frame; the seams and holes are calked with spruce-pine rosin. These canoes 

 are very light and of a graceful form. Two men can carry one of them 

 on their shoulders for a stretch of many miles, which they do at rapids. 

 The canoe exhibited was constructed by the Algonkian Indians of Canada. 



Cradle. A wooden frame bent in an oval form, having the ends tied with diagonal 

 ligatures of bark fiber. A mattress and blanket of pounded bark fiber are 

 attached to the frame by a fringe of woven wool. Tne hood for the protection 

 of the head of the infant is a willow texture. Mojave Indians (Yuman stock), 

 Colorado. 152489. Collected by Geo. A. Allen. 



Cradle. Frame made of walnut staves, in the shape of a crutch, having the ends 

 ornamented with brase-headed nails. The cover is of buckskin, ornamented 

 with a great profusion of white and colored beads and with ribbons. Arapahoe 

 Indians (Algonkiau stock). Collected by Capt. R. H. Pratt. 



Cradle. Made of willow switches, in the form of a shoe. A light half basket of 

 willow switches serves as a parasol to it. Hupa Indians (Athapascan stock), 

 California. Collected by Stephen Powers. 



Cradle. The frame is a piece of wood bent in an oval shape, supported by transverse 

 bars. The bottom of the cradle is composed of twenty-one wooden rods fast 

 ened to the frame between the thick bars by thread made of sinew. The hood 

 is of hide covered with calico. The bed articles consist of two mattresses of 

 cotton, placed on a thin sheet of tin. The infant is supported by bolsters made 

 of woven belts. The cradle has two Arches to protect the infant s head and a 

 transverse piece of wood to support the feet. Length, 3 feet. Wichita Indians 

 (Caddoau stock). 152944. Collected by James Mooney. 



Cradle. Made in the form of a boat, out of a hollowed cedar trunk. It has a handle 

 at one end. The bed is composed of pounded cedar fiber; the counterpane is of 

 woven cedar bark. Inside of the cradle there is a wooden model of an infant, 

 showing the process for flattening the head with a special apparatus, which is 

 also seen in the cradle. Indians of Oregon. 2574. Collected by George Catlin. 



Helmet. Crowned with a sculptured beaver. The figures painted on both sides 

 represent sheets of copper, emblems of fortune and power. Skedan Indians, 

 British Columbia. 89035. Collected by James G. Swan. 



Helmet. Carved in wood in the form of a bear and painted. The teeth and tongue 

 are imitated with sheets of copper. It is worn on the head in the dances. 

 Haida Indians (Skittagetan stock), British Columbia. 89144. Collected by 

 James G. Swan. 



Helmet. Carved in wood in the form of a fish and painted. The lips are of copper. 

 This helmet is used in the dances. Haida Indians (Skittagetan stock), British 

 Columbia. 89054. Collected by James G. Swan. 



Mask. Imitating a fabulous marine monster. Made of pieces of wood cut with au 

 adze and painted. Used by the actors in the ceremonies called &quot; dances,&quot; Maka 

 Indians (Wakashan stock), British Columbia. 23949. Collected by James G. 

 Swan. 



Wooden figure. Of cedar, painted. Indians of the northwest coast. Collected by 

 James G. Swan. 



Totem post (model). Carved out of a cedar trunk. The sculptured figures are 

 painted in bright colors. Model of the &quot; totem post&quot; which is erected in front 

 of the houses of all the chief men of the tribe. Indians of Bella-Bella, British 

 Colombia. 74743. Collected by James G. Swan. 



