COLUMBIAN HISTORICAL EXPOSITION AT MADRID. 291 



MODERN POTTERY OF TUSAYAN. 



This case contains modern pottery of the present Indian inhabitants of the towns 

 of Tusayan. The various specimens show the variety of the pottery manufactured 

 by them, and also give an idea of the utensils which they use in the ordinary 

 employments of the houses. Everything is made by hand, and the pictures are all 

 emblematic. The decorations are sometimes pictures of gods, but the drawings are 

 usually circles, rosettes, birds, and flowers. Occasionally they successfully repro 

 duce the ancient models, but the art has greatly degenerated, and is no longer of 

 the same importance as formerly. 



The fineness of the ancient jars, in contrast with that of the modern ones, is due 

 to the great care with which they worked the clay which was to be used in their 

 manufacture and the skill with which they painted them. 



The ceramic industry has greatly degenerated, and the tendency to simplify the 

 ornaments has increased. Pottery is made by the women ; never by the men. There 

 are certain days of the year specially devoted to the manufacture of pottery, and on 

 certain nights the villages are illuminated by the fires made to bake it. 



STONE IMPLEMENTS AND IDOLS. 



The collection of articles of stone displays the various shapes which the Ho-pi 

 Indians used in ancient times. Almost all are now obsolete, or are used in the 

 religious rites. The stone specimens are hatchets, agricultural implements, pipes, 

 fetishes, ornaments, mortars and rollers, images, etc. 



115 (114). Stone mortar and piece of roller for grinding paint at the ceremonies. A 

 little green carbonate of copper still remains in the inside. 



116. Small mortar with fiat surface, with green paint, found in a ruin. 



117. Well-made mortar and roller. Both from near Wal-pi. 



118. Flat stone for grinding paint. 



119. Flat stone with a shallow cavity, and flat stone for grinding paint intended for 



the religious rites. 



120. Round stone serving as a defensive weapon. 



121. Ancient stone shovel. It is used in planting corn. 



122. Two stone hoes used in the ceremonies. They are called Tca-ma-hia and are 



placed on the altar in the serpent dance. 



123. Head of an ancient stone hoe. 



124. Ancient stone shovel. 



125. Stone hoe, found in an ancient ruin. 



126. Stone hoe. 



127. Stone hoe. 



128. Piece of an ancient stone article. 



129. Stone hoe. 



130. Stone implement. 



131. Stone shovel. 



132. Stone hoe. 



133. Ancient stone implement. 



134. Ancient stone hoe. 



135. Round stone object, with a groove, which served as a weapon in war. 



136. Clay disks for polishing jars and other ceramic articles, found in an ancient 



Tuin. 



137. Fragment of a stone for grinding corn. 



138. Paint pan, for grinding paint for the ceremonies. 



140 (139). Sharpening stone, from A-wa-to-bi. It is used for polishing the shafts of 

 the arrows, and has a bow, an arrow, and the emblem of the serpent carved 

 on it. 



141. Small buckskin bag for sacred meal. 



