292 COLUMBIAN HISTORICAL EXPOSITION AT MADRID. 



142. Ancieat bracelet of shells. 



143. Earrings of shells with turquoises. 



144. Necklace of shells. 



145. Necklace of shells. 



146. Necklace of shells. 



147. Charm which is carried in the medicine bag. 



148. Earring consisting of a small shell and a stone hanging by a strip of buckskin. 



149. Fetish and earrings of lignite. 



150. Various specimens of stones and ornaments of shells and clay. Seashells pos 



sess great value as an ornament, and in their absence, they are imitated 

 with clay. Several with varied ornaments are collected under this number. 



151. Stone for polishing arrows. 



152. Stone for polishing arrows. 



153. Stone for polishing arrows. 



154. Stone fetish of the mountain lion (Felis concolor). 



155. Stones roughly representing animals and used as fetishes. 



156. Fetish to be suspended from the neck, as a personal amulet. 



157. Eagle ka-tci-na and fetish. The colors of the fetishes are related to the cardi 



nal points. They serve to give success in hunting. 



158. Zufii fetish of the lion, for hunting. 



159. Zufli fetish of the bear, for hunting. 



160. Fetishes of the spider woman, a powerful goddess of the Tusayan mythology. 



She is the wife of the sun and the mother of the twin gods of war. 



161. Fetishes of the mountain lion. 



162. Fetish. 



163. Fetish of the wolf. 



164. Fetish of the bear. 



165. Fetish. 



166. Fetish of the bear, painted yellow to show that it is the northern bear. 



167. Triangular stone, resembling a fetish, and used as such. 



168-171. Four clay fetishes of the bear, with emblematic characters on the nose. 



172. Fetish with offerings attached to its neck. These fetishes, or similar ones, are 



placed on the altars during the religious ceremonies, and are usually kept in 

 niches made in the walls of private houses. Sometimes the owners attach to 

 the necks of these objects tufts of cotton, with small feathers from the breast 

 of the eagle hanging from them. It is also the custom to sprinkle them, at 

 fixed periods, with sacred flour. In the great ceremony of the Serpent, dur 

 ing the celebration of a very remarkable rite, in which the most complicated 

 ceremonies are observed, the first priest of the Antelope blows four times upon 

 the fetish of the bear great quantities of smoke, smoking an ancient pipe 

 called the great pipe of the cloud. To the Indians of Tusayan tobacco smoke 

 typifies the cloud and is used in the ceremonies which are performed in pray 

 ing for rain. Smoking during the religious ceremonies is a serious thing, and- 

 is done with the greatest gravity and reverence. 



173. Mouthpiece for smoking, and pipe. 



174. Great pipe of the snow, similar to that which is smoked in the December cere 



mony in prayers for snow. Found in the ruins of A-wa-to-bi. 



175. Pipes with square bowls. 



177 (176). Clay mouthpiece. The reed cigarette used in the ceremonies is a small 

 rush, around which along filament of cotton is twined. * 



178. Clay figure of the &quot;clown&quot; priests, or &quot;inud-heads,&quot; carrying a child on its 



shoulders, illustrating a legendary incident. 



179. Figure of the god of war. 



180. Figure of a Ho-pi married woman. 



181. Figure of a Ho-pi maiden, showing the special coiffure of the maidens. This 



coiffure typifies the blossom of the gourd. 



