294 COLUMBIAN HISTORICAL EXPOSITION AT MADRID. 



The plans placed in the cases of ancient pottery are of ruins in the south of Ari- 

 fona, and indicate the configuration of the ancient towns in the valleys of the Salado 

 and Gila rivers. 



The Hemenway expedition has made important excavations in this region. The 

 plans reproduce a single town, composed of twenty-four groups of dwellings with a 

 large central building. 



RED POTTERY. 



The small collection of red pottery is among the best of the ancient ware. It is 

 not manufactured at the present time and the knowledge of how it was made has 

 died out. The fineness of the material of the pottery of the ancient Ho-pi is unequaled. 

 The best specimen is No. 267, the classic form of which is readily seen. The external 

 figures are simple. The colors usually employed in decorating this pottery are white 

 and black. 



251. Ancient food bowl, with plain handle and paintings on the inside in white, 



black, and red. 



252. Jar with figures formed by broken lines. ^ 



253. Jar ornamented with the head of a bird and symbolic offerings, called pa-hos. 



254. Ancient ceremonial jar, with figures. 



255. Salt holder. 



256. Ancient jar, with painted spirals. 



257. Bowl for food, with paintings formed of broken lines. 



258. Bowl for food. 



259. Small bowl with inclined border, ornamented with cloud symbols. 



260. Fragment of ladle, with the handle broken. 



261. Ladle. 



262. Receptacle for salt or sacred flour, which is carried at the side. 



263. Vertical jar for salt. 



264. Hemispherical jar with inclined edge. 



265. Hemispherical jar with parallel lines. 



266. Hemispherical jar, with holes for passing a cord, for the purpose of carrying it 



suspended from the shoulder. 



267. Wide-mouthed j ar. 



268. Ladle with a single white circle. 



269. Square clay box, with emblems of the cloud, used in the ceremonies for salt or 



sacred flour. 



270. Jar with white and black figures resembling a chessboard. 



271. Ladle. 



272. Fretted jar. 



273. Small jar. 



274. Painted jar with small mouth 



275. Jar with well-executed figures of the growing gourd, the cloud, and the circle. 



276. Jar with various ornaments. 



277. Jar with symbolic figures. 



278. Sacred jar with external figures and ornaments. 



279. Large jar with external paintings of rectangles, squares, frets, and circles. It 



has been used many years in the religious rites of the present Wal-pi. and is 

 said to have come from a ruin in the northern part of Arizona. 



POTTERY OF VARIOUS COLORS. 



The so-called variegated pottery is among the best that the ancient potters manu 

 factured. The clay is fine and the decoration artistic. It is only found in one or 

 two of the most ancient ruins, and no attempt is ever made now to imitate it. It is 

 orange or red on one side and of variegated color on the other. The number of speci- 



