COLUMBIAN HISTORICAL EXPOSITION AT MADRID. 



361 



India. The same device is employed by the Eskimo of the east coast 

 of Greenland in their water buckets, where a stave is pierced vertically 

 and a bone mouthpiece is inserted. 



On the whole, Ecuadorian pottery rather 

 tends to elegance of form than to the portrai f 

 or grotesque series and genre forms of Peru. 

 It forms a distinct group within the boundaries 

 of the ancient Kingdom of Quito. 



Localities in which antiquities are found in 

 Ecuador: Pichincha, Manabi, Cauar, Azoques, 

 Oninte, Imbabura, Loja, Cochasqui, Cayambe, 

 Yaruqui, Guano, province of Chimborazo, Lat- 

 acunga, Chordelig, Chimborazo, Pujili, prov 

 ince of Leon. 



Fig. 60. 



DRINKING VESSEL. WITH TUBE. 

 Ecuador. 



THE POTTERY OF PERU. 



Peruvian pottery is among the most interesting relics of that ancient 

 civilization. While the variety of form is perhaps not as great as that 

 of Colombia or Ecuador, that which characterizes Peru is what may be 

 called the portrait or genre series of bottles, of which thousands of 

 examples have been perfectly preserved in the dry huacas of the coast. 

 These have been called grotesques from our standpoint, but they seem 

 rather to class themselves as portraiture, considering of course adapta 

 tion of the subject to the globular vessel, etc. This is brought out in 

 those most curious bottles representing deformities arising from dis 

 ease. Four of these objects from Chimbote and one from Trujillo rep 

 resent Indian women with the alae and septum of the nose and some 

 times the upper lip obliterated by a disease which a Spanish physician 

 assures me can be clearly diagnosed as lupus. 1 Another represents a 

 woman with the feet eaten away. 



A bottle from Chimbote shows a sick man with swollen belly. There 

 is not the slightest doubt but that the modeling is intentional. 



Bottle No. 42 is another instance of portraiture. It represents a 

 figure of a Spaniard sitting crosslegged, with one hand on his knee 

 and the other held up, with the index finger pointed as though speaking. 

 He has a mustache and imperial and wears a coat ornamented with 

 tigers. 



The surprising variety of subjects and the appreciation of character 

 shows that the Peruvian went to nature for his motives, and, like 

 the cartoonist of the present day, but fixed in indestructible terra 

 cotta, caught the salient features of his surroundings coming down 



] SeeHabel, Archaeological and Ethnological Investigation in Central and South 

 America, Smithson. Contributions, XXII, 1880, p. 46, for a notice of the prevalence 

 of lupus. Dr. Briuton tells me that it is much more likely to be syphilis than lupus, 

 or perhaps leprosy. Lupus is a disease of the soft parts rather thau of the bones. 

 The specimen may be postcolumbian. 



