COLUMBIAN HISTORICAL EXPOSITION AT MADRID. 



369 



exquisite cores and flakes of obsidian from Mexico (fig. 2, from Mexican 

 exhibit), which Torquemada and Hernandez say were pressed off by 



Fig . 2. 



FLAKES OF VOLCANIC GLASS OR OBSIDIAN. 



Gathered at surface sites in Mexico, such flakes as Torquemada saw ancient Mexicans producing by pressure with long punches. 

 Their razor-like edges were sometimes used for shaving. Three specimens in the cut have been twisted by heat. 



wooden punches held against the breast, and sometimes used by cer 

 tain Spaniards for shaving their beards. 1 



Fig. 3. 

 CHIPPED RIVER PEBBLES AND PEBBLE CHIPS, PROBABLY USED BY INDIANS AS IMPLEMENTS. 



Found at surface village sites in the Delaware and Susquehanna Valleys. 



Those ruder chips of argillite, sandstone, quartzite, or slate (fig. 3), 

 so familiar to the American student, which we believe would have 



of these (see fig. 2, Mexican Museum, Nos. 1635, 1636, 1637) seem altogether 

 too contorted to have been flaked in their present shape, though passing them 

 through a hot fire, it ia thought, would account for the twists. 



H. Ex. 100 - 24 



