394 



COLUMBIAN HISTORICAL EXPOSITION AT MADRID. 



We notice in connection with both the chipped and polished forms 

 the designs in figure 25 from the Codex Troano, (a, &, and d) from the 

 Codex Cortesianus, and (c) from the Codex Columbino, where, as Senor 

 Troncoso, curator of the Mexican exhibit, informs us, it must often be 

 supposed that the implements intended are the equivalent forms of 

 copper, since a certain attendant hieroglyph is held to designate that 

 metal, common in Central America and Mexico. 



Still there is no reason why the stone forms in question, whether 

 chipped or polished, were not so mounted in Central America, as were 

 the polished celts in the United States and Alaska (see the mounted 

 celts in the National Museum case (fig. 24, $), the Spanish specimen (fig. 

 24, g) from the northwest American coast, a relic of the Atrivida cruise 

 of Captain Malespina in 1791, or the interesting specimen (fig. 24,/), 185. 



Fig. 2-1. 

 HAFTED CELTS FROM NORTH AND SOUTH AMERICA AND EUROPE. 



(a) Celt chipped but unpolished, Europe and America ; (6) celt polished, Europe and America ; (c) polished celt, mounted in handle 

 of deer antler, found preserved in the mud at the Swiss Lake dwellings ; (d) polished celt, mounted in original wooden handle, found, 

 handle and all, in a bog in New York ; (e) partly polished celt with wooden handle, a8 recently made and used by Indians in Brazil; 

 (/) polished celt, made, handle and all, of one piece of chlorite, found in an Indian grave on the Tennessee River ; (g] polished celt or 

 adz, found in use among the Indians of the northwest American coast in 1791. 



inches, long made, handle and all, of one highly polished piece of chlorite 

 found in a mound on the Cumberland Elver, opposite Xashville, Ten 

 nessee, and figured in Jones s Antiquities of Tennessee (p. 46). 



The National Museum also exhibits several interesting mounted 

 scrapers from the northwest coast and Alaska, where the mounting 

 of chipped and polished scrapers has been amply illustrated and 

 explained by Dr. O. T. Mason in his pamphlet on Aboriginal Skin 

 Dressing (Xational Museum Report, 1889, p. 553), (fig. 26). With 

 these mounted scrapers it is interesting to compare the similar forms 

 chipped or polished, large or small, scattered about the village sites in 

 the United States and common in the museums of Europe, and from 

 them to turn again to the obsidian flake knives of the Admiralty Islands 

 and the angular unworked chips set in masses of gum still used by 

 Australian savages, and the uncouth blades (see fig. 6) from Easter 

 Island. 



