x HUMANISM 



Humanism as expressive of what is the most distinctive 

 novelty in the Pragmatic Movement has been vindicated 

 not only by the copious misunderstandings to which the 

 obscurity and clumsiness of the word have exposed 

 Pragmatism/ and by the confirmation of the ancient 

 Humanism of Protagoras, but also, quite specifically, by 

 the criticisms of Formal Logic. It has there been shown, 

 by a systematic examination of the traditional Logic/ 

 that at no point do its doctrines escape from the fatal 

 dilemma either verbalism or psychology/ until it is con 

 fessed that its fundamental presupposition is to abstract 

 from meaning altogether. It follows that it is in fact 

 impossible to abstract from the human aspect of know 

 ing, and to dehumanize Logic. Expellas hominem logica, 

 tamen usque recurret. The effort to do so only ends by 

 making Logic meaningless and worthless, and further 

 refutes itself by rendering the traditional Logic, even 

 formally, self-contradictory, because after all it is not 

 openly admitted to be, what in fact it is, viz., in the 

 strictest sense, nonsense. 



OXFORD, June 1912. 



